Physics - Lightning: Test Review

what is electricity?

the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter that has electrical charge

the 2 types of electricity are...

static and current electricity

static electricity

temporary buildup of charge

how does static electricty occur?

if you rub two materials/objects together, electrons transfer to one of the objects, which are then attracted to a conductor

example of static electricty in nature

lightning

example of how you can create static electricity

rubbing your feet on the carpet in the winter, then touching a metal doorknob

current electricity

electrical charge that flows from one place to another by way of a closed circuit, it will continue to flow until the circuit is opened

_________ is the rate of flow of the _________-

current, charge

what does the battery provide in a circuit?

provides the voltage (potential energy) that creates the current

why are the magnetic field lines drawn like this?

n.p & s.p are attracted to each other, magnetic fields are closed loops

why are the magnetic field lines drawn like this?

the magnetic fields are moving towards the south poles of the magnets, like poles repel

why are the magnetic field lines drawn like this?

opposite poles attract, closed loop

how do magnetic and electric fields work together?

1) they create an electromagnetic force (EMF)

2) A moving electrical charge creates a magnetic field

3) A magnetic field causes electric charge to flow (electrical current)

4) A magnetic field is perpendicular to the electrical field in an electromagnetic wave

what are the five fundamental characteristics of magnets?

1) A magnetic field called Lorentz Force surrounded all magnets

2) Magnets are attracted to ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic materials

3) All magnets have a north pole and a south pole, opposite poles attract, like poles repel

4) All magnets exist as dipoles, even if you cut one in half

5) The north pole of a magnetic is attracted to the south magnetic pole of Earth, and vice versa

describe the energy conversion for Hydroelectric power

stored water (PEg) --> water falls (KE) --> spins turbines (ME) --> EE

describe the energy conversion for Wind power

wind blows --> move blades (KE) --> turbines rotate (ME) --> EE

describe the energy conversion for Solar power

photons release electrons (Chemical E --> Thermal E) --> EE

where is the pressure highest in a battery?

negative side, charge flows out

where is the pressure lowest in a battery?

positive side, current flows out