Peacekeeping, Humanitarian Intervention (H.I.), and Responsibility to Protect (R2P)

What is the norm of neutrality in humanitarian work?

The principle of not taking sides in a conflict, often challenged in crises (e.g., Somalia)

What is Humanitarian Intervention (H.I.)?

Military action to protect civilians from violence, often justified by norms of humanity.

What is the Responsibility to Protect (R2P)?

A doctrine advocating for intervention to prevent genocide and mass atrocities.

How did the UN fail in Bosnia-Herzegovina?

The UN failed to protect civilians in "safe havens," leading to the Srebrenica massacre

What was the UN’s failure in Rwanda?

The UN failed to prevent genocide, highlighting the limitations of peacekeeping.

How did NATO’s intervention in Kosovo reflect H.I.?

NATO bombed Serbia to protect Kosovo Albanians, framing the intervention as humanitarian.

How did NGOs in Somalia challenge neutrality?

NGOs like Doctors Without Borders abandoned neutrality to protect aid convoys.

How was R2P applied in Libya?

NATO intervened under R2P to protect civilians, but the aftermath raised questions about the doctrine’s application.

What is the norm of humanity?

The evolving idea of who deserves protection and intervention, expanding over time.

What is multilateralism in the context of H.I.?

Cooperation among multiple states or organizations to achieve common goals, often seen in humanitarian interventions.