👩‍🔬 Matter Unit Vocabulary Flashcards

Matter

Matter

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Solid

A phase of matter where the particles vibrate in place and are tightly packed together. Solids can experience the phase changes of melting and sublimation. They also have a definite shape and volume.

Liquid

A phase of matter where the particles move around each other. Liquids can experience the phase changes of freezing and vaporization. They also have a definite volume but no definite shape.

Gas

A phase of matter where the particles move away from each other and are arranged in no particular order. Gases can experience the phase changes of deposition and condensation. They also have no definite shape or volume.

Density

A measure of the amount of matter that is in a given space.

Mass

A measure of the amount of matter in an object or substance.

Volume

A measure of the amount of space an object or substance takes up.

Weight

A measure of the force of gravity acting on an object or substance.

Particles

The tiny building blocks that make up matter. They are called atoms.

Chemical Property

A characteristic that describes the ability of something to change into a new substance.

Physical Property

A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing into a new substance.

Chemical Change

A change that occurs between substances that causes a new substance to form. This change can ´ t be undone nor does the substances before keep their individual properties.

Physical Change

A change that occurs between substances without causing a new substance to form. These changes can be reversed and the original substances keep their individual properties.

Crystalline solid

A type of solid that has its particles packed in crystal-like formations/patterns.

Amorphous solid

A type of solid that has its particles packed in shapeless and random formations/patterns.

Pressure

Continuous physical force exerted on or against an object by something in contact with it.

Viscosity

A measure of a liquids resistance to flowing

Surface Tension

A farce that pulls particles at the exposed surface of a liquid toward other liquid particles

Melting

The phase change that occurs between liquids and solids (Solid→Liquid). Melting occurs when particles in a solid gain enough thermal energy to form a liquid.

Freezing

The phase change that occurs between liquids and solids (Liquid→Solid). Freezing occurs when particles in a liquid lose enough thermal energy to form a solid.

Condensation

The phase change that occurs between liquids and gases (Gas→Liquid). Condensation occurs when particles in a gas lose enough thermal energy to form a liquid.

Evaporation

The phase change that occurs between liquids and gases (Liquid→Gas). Evaporation occurs when particles in a liquid gain enough thermal energy to form a gas.

Sublimation

The phase change that occurs between gases and solids (Solid→Gas). Sublimation occurs when particles in a solid gain so much thermal energy at once and it instantly forms a gas without passing through the liquid state.

Boiling Point

The point when a liquid can change phases into a gas. The boiling point of a substance can vary depending on what the substance is.

Freezing Point

The point when a liquid can change phases into a solid. The freezing point of a substance can vary depending on what the substance is.

Melting Point

The point when a solid can change phases into a liquid. The melting point of a substance can vary depending on what the substance is.

Molecular Attraction

A pull between two molecules that is always the same for a given substance.

Mixture

Two or more pure substances that are together but can be physically separated (They aren´t chemically combined). Mixtures can be classified into two categories: Homogeneous and Heterogeneous mixtures.

Homogeneous Mixture

A mixture with a uniform composition. Example: Salt or Sugar water

Heterogeneous Mixture

A mixture with a non-uniform composition. Example: Salad

Pure Substance

Any form of matter with a chemical composition and distinct properties. Pure substances can ´ t be physically separated.

Solution

A well mixed mixture that contains a solvent and at least one solute. They may also be known as a homogeneous mixture.

Solute

The substance that is present in a solution in a smaller amount. It is dissolved by the solvent.

Solvent

The substance that is present in a solution in a larger amount. It dissolves the solute(s).

Diluted Solutions

A solution with a small amount of dissolved solutes in comparison to the amount of solvents. Diluted solutions tend to be lighter in color as well.

Concentrated Solution

A solution with a larger amount of dissolved solutes in comparison to the amount of solvents. Concentrated solutions tend to be darker in color as well.

Saturated Solution

A solution in which the maximum amount of solvent has been dissolved. If any more of the given solute is added to the solution, it will rest at the bottom of the container.

Unsaturated Solution

A solution that contains less than the maximum amount of solute that is capable of being dissolved.

Solubility

A measure of how much solute can dissolve into a solvent at a given temperature.

Filtration

A process used to separate solids from liquids or gases using a filter.

Filtrate

The fluid that passes through the filter.