Epithelial Tissue|4 Medical Histology

Test #2 Tissues

Identify the Epithelium

Simple Cuboidal

Identify the Epithelium

Simple Cuboidal

Identify the Epithelium

Simple Cuboidal

Identify the Epithelium

Simple Cuboidal

Identify the Epithelium

Simple Squamous

Identify the Epithelium

Simple Columnar

Identify the Epithelium

Simple Columnar (with goblet cells)

Identify the Epithelium

Pseudostratified Columnar

Identify the Epithelium

Pseudostratified Columnar

Identify the Epithelium

Pseudostratified Columnar

Identify the Epithelium

ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Identify the Epithelium

Stratified Squamous

Identify the Epithelium

Stratified Squamous

Identify the Epithelium

Stratified Cuboidal

Identify the Epithelium

Stratified Cuboidal and Stratified Columnar

Identify the Epithelium

Stratified Cuboidal and Stratified Columnar

Identify the Epithelium (Circle)

Simple Columnar

Identify the Epithelium (Arrows)

Simple Squamous

Identify the Epithelium (Asterisk)

Simple Cuboidal

Identify the Epithelium

Stratified Columnar

Identify the Epithelium

Transition Epithelium (Urothelium)

Identify the Epithelium

Transition Epithelium (Urothelium)

Identify the Epithelium (arrow)

Stratified Squamous

Identify the Epithelium (EG)

Esophageal Gland

Mention the parts of a Gland

Parenchyma and Stroma

Parenchyma

Functional portion of secretory and ductal epithelial cells.

Stroma

Supporting CT, separated from parenchyma by a basal lamina.

Supporting CT, separated from parenchyma by a basal lamina.

Stroma

Functional portion of secretory and ductal epithelial cells.

Parenchyma

Mention the 4 types of Body Tissue (4)

1. Epithelial Tissue

2. Connective Tissue

3. Muscle Tissue

4. Nervous Tissue

Simple Squamous Typical Locations (4)

1. vascular system (endothelium)

2. body cavities (mesothelium)

3. Bowman’s Capsule (kidney)

4. Respiratory Spaces in Lungs

Simple Squamous vascular system (endothelium) function

Exchange, barrier in CNS

Simple Squamous body cavities (mesothelium) function

Exchange & lubrication

Simple Squamous Bowman’s Capsule (kidney) function

Barrier

Simple Squamous Respiratory Spaces in Lungs function

Exchange

Simple Cuboidal Typical Locations (4)

1. small ducts of exocrine glands

2. surface of ovary (germinal epithelium)

3. kidney tubules

4. thyroid follicules

Simple Cuboidal small ducts of exocrine glands function

Absorption and counduit

Simple Cuboidal surface of ovary (germinal epithelium) function

Barrier

Simple cuboidal kidney tubules function

Absorption & secretion

Simple cuboidal thyroid follicules function

Absorption & secretion

Simple Columnar Typical Locations (3)

1. Small intestines and colon

2. Stomach lining and gastric glands

3. Gallbladder

Simple columnar Small intestines and colon function

Absorption & secretion

Simple Columnar lining and gastric glands function

Secretion

Simple Columnar gallbladder function

Absorption

Pseudostratified Columnar typical locations (3)

1. Trachea and branchial tree

2. ducts deferens

3. efferent ductules of epididymis

Pseudostratified columnar trachea and branchial tree function

Secretion & Conduit

Pseudostratified columnar ducts deferens function

Secretion & Conduit

Pseudostratified columnar efferent ductules of epididymis

Absorption & Conduit

Stratified Squamous typical locations (3)

1. Epidermis

2. Oral Cavity and esophagus

3. Vagina

Stratified Squamous Epidermis function

Barrier & Protection

Stratified Squamous Oral Cavity and Esophagus function

Barrier & Protection

Stratified Squamous vagina function

Barrier & Protection

Stratified Cuboidal Typical Locations (3)

1. Sweat Gland duct

2. Large duct of exocrine glands

3. anorectal junction

Stratified Cuboidal sweat gland duct function

barrier and conduit

Stratified Cuboidal large ducts of exocrine glands function

barrier and conduit

Stratified Cuboidal anorectal junction funtion

barrier and conduit

Stratified columnar typical locations (2)

1. large ducts of exocrine glands

2. anorectal junction

Stratified columnar large ducts of exocrine glands function

barrier and conduit

Stratified columnar anorectal junction function

barrier and conduit

Transition (Urothelium) Typical Locations (4)

1. Renal Calyces

2. Ureteres

3. Bladder

4. Urethra

Transition (Urothelium) Major Functions

Barrier, Distensible Porperty

Mention the Exocrine Glands (3)

1. Merocrine

2. Apocrine

3. Holocrine

where the exocrine glands secrete their contents

Into a duct or a surface

where the endocrine glands secrete their contents

into the blood

where the paracrine or autocrine glands secrete their contents

into the local extracellular space

An example of an unicelllular exocrine gland

Goblet Cell

What are the exocrine secretion of multicelullar glands? (3)

1. mucus

2. serous

3. mixed secretion (both mucus and serous)

Exocrine Glands mechanism of secretion for Merocrine

1. parotid gland

2. eccrine sweat gland

Exocrine Glands mechanism of secretion for apocrine

1. mammary gland

2. apocrine sweat glands

Exocrine Glands mechanism of secretion for holocrine

sebaceous gland

Identify the exocrine gland

Simple alveolar (acinar)

Identify the exocrine gland

Simpled branched alveolar

Identify the exocrine gland

Simple tubular

Identify the exocrine gland

simple coiled tubular

Identify the exocrine gland

simple branched tubular

Identify the exocrine gland

Compound alveolar (acinar)

Identify the exocrine gland

Compound tubuloalveolar

Identify the exocrine gland

compound tubular

Name the gland’s duct (blue box)

Inter-lobular duct

Name the gland’s duct (blue box)

Intra-lobar duct

Name the gland’s duct (blue box)

intra-lobular duct

Name the gland’s duct (blue box)

intercalary (teriary duct)

Identify the gland (mocus or serous secreting /simple or compound)

Mucus-secreting compound gland

Identify the gland (mocus or serous secreting /simple or compound)

serous-secreting compoud gland

endocrine glands\unicellular gland typical locations (2)

1. GI epithelial

2. Respiratory epithelial

endocrine glands\multicellular gland typical location (1)

1. Adrenal Gland

endocrine glands\multicellular gland how the secretory material is released? 

fenestThe secretory material is released into fenestrated capillaries, allowing hormones to rapidly enter circulation.

endocrine glands lacks?

Duct System

Where are fenestrated capillaries found in relation to the adrenal gland epithelium? (endocrine glands\multicellular)

They are abundant just outside the basal lamina of the glandular epithelium, facilitating hormone exchange between cells and blood.

What type of gland is the adrenal gland?

The adrenal gland is a multicellular endocrine gland composed of epithelial cells that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

What is metaplasia?

Metaplasia is the conversion of one type of differentiated epithelium into another in response to chronic irritation or stress.

What usually causes metaplasia to occur?

It often develops as a response to persistent injury or irritation, allowing tissue to better tolerate the stress.

What is the most common type of epithelial metaplasia?

The most common type is glandular columnar epithelium changing into stratified squamous epithelium.

What happens to the esophageal epithelium in chronic acid reflux?

The stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium is replaced by glandular mucus-secreting epithelium, known as Barrett epithelium.

Why is Barrett epithelium clinically significant?

Because it can progress to dysplasia and increase the risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma if the chronic irritation continues.

What causes epithelial cell tumors to develop?

They occur when epithelial cells fail to respond to normal growth regulatory mechanisms, leading to uncontrolled proliferation.

What distinguishes a benign epithelial tumor from a malignant one?

• Benign: Remains localized and does not invade nearby tissues.

• Malignant: Invades neighboring tissues and may or may not metastasize to distant organs.

What is the general term for malignant epithelial tumors?

Carcinomas.

From where do carcinomas arise?

They arise from surface epithelia (such as skin or mucosal linings).