APUSH Unit 1 Review

How people got to Americas?

Beringia Land Bridge

Maya

Yucatan peninsula, Mexico. Maize farms. Math and Astronomy.

Aztec (Mexica)

Tenochtitlan. Chinampa (Floating Gardens). Central Mexico.

Inca

Andes Mountains of Peru. Terraced farming.

Far North

Inuit, Umiak Canoe. Seal Hunting. Kayaks.

South West

Anasazi, Pueblo, Zuni, Hopi. Kachinas - Rain Dance

Great Plains

Nomads/Tepees. Bison or 3 sisters (Corn, Beans, Squatch)

North East

Iroquois Confederation. Mourning Wars. Seneca, Cayuga, Onieda, Mohawk.

Atlantic Seaboard

5 civilized tribes - Cherokee, Chickasaw, Chocktaw, Creek, Seminoles.

Natives had a spiritual relationship with __________

Nature

Reasons For Exploration

• Technological Improvements from Renaissance - Astrolabe Compass, Carval (Lateen Sails), Gunpowder.

• Expanding Trade - Silk Road restricted by Ottomans. Portugal gets to India. Spain looks west.

• Religious Conflict - Moors in Spain. Protestant Reformation in Northeastern Europe.

New World Exploration

• Feudalism to Capitalism (Joint Stock Companies)

• Christopher Columbus led to Columbian Exchange.

Dividing America (Spain and Portugal)

Line of Demarcation in Treaty of Tordesillas

Pedro Cabral

Brazil for Portugal

Amerigo Vespucci

Novus Mundas - America was a new continent. America was named after him.

Martian Waldesmuller

Named America, America.

Vasco Balboa (Conquistador)

Discovered the Pacific Ocean

Ferdinand Magellan (Conquistador)

Named the Pacific Ocean. Crew Circumnavigated Globe.

Hernan Cortez (Conquistador)

Conquered the Aztecs

Fransico Pizzaro (Conquistador)

Conquered the Incas in Peru

Ponce de Leon (Conquistador)

Founded St. Augustine

Hernando de Soto (Conquistador)

Discovered the Mississippi River

Fransico Coronado (Conquistador)

Discovered the Grand Canyon

Don Juan de Onate (Conquistador)

Established the colony of New Mexico for Spain

Pope's Rebellion

Temporarily Successful Pueblo revolt against conquistadors.

Encomienda system led to Caste System

Mestizo and Mullato.

English Claims

Sir Francis Drake. Sir Walter Raleigh - Roanoke.

French Claims

Giovanni da Verrazano - Northeast coast.

Europe vs. Native Culture

Monotheistic vs. Polytheistic. Low Women roles vs. matrilinial and decision making women. Legal tradition vs. No written laws.

Spainish Treatment Policy

Subjugation. Contriversial - Bartolomue Dias - Vallidolid Debates.

English Treatment Policy

Good to Bad as population grew.

French Policy

Good. Fur trade partners.

Native Survival Strategy and Roles of Africans in America

Natives - Alliances and Migration.

Roles of Africans in America

Africans used as slaves and had cultural influence.

Spainsh Colonies

Florida, New Mexico, Arizona, Texas, California.

Spainish Motive for Colonizaiton

Catholicism

French Colonies

Quebec, Louisiana/Mississippi River Basin, New Orleans.

Jacques Cartier

Discovered the St. Lawrence River

Dutch Colonies

Henry Hudson - Albany, NY. Dutch West India Company.

British Colonies

John Cabot. Joint Stock. Primogenture led to settlement.

Types of Charters

• Corporate - Joint Stock

• Royal - Monarchy

• -Proprietary - Given to Crown's friends

Seperatists

Pilgrims - Radical - Plymouth

Dissenters

Puritans - Moderate - Massachusetts Bay

Habius Corpus

Judicial procedure of putting one in jail.

Plymouth

Mayflower Compact - Pilgrims/Seperatists - Thanksgiving.

Massachusetts Bay

Puritans/Dissenters - Covenant of Theology

Covenant of Theology

Covenant of Grace (Forgiveness), Works (Service) and Nation Covenant - Actions of individuals affect the whole community.

John Winthrop

Puritan governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony. Speaker of "City upon a hill"

Jamestown (1607)

Joint stock to Royal Colony after early problems with pollution, low work ethic and only communal property. Indentured Servents to Headright System to Slaves. Politics - Self Rule (VHOB)

John Rolfe

Cultivates new species of tobacco. Marries Pocahontas

Henry Hudson

Seeking passage to India, named Hudson river, constructed Dutch West India Company

Robert Salle

Named Mississippi River

Louis Jolliet & Jacques Marquette

Discovered Louisiana

Champlain

First Settlement in Quebec

Sir Thomas Dale

Implemented Private Property, Written law’s

Lord De La Warr

Bail Jamestown and go to Delaware. Go back to Jamestown