Mitosis and Meiosis

Mitosis and Meiosis are parts of the cell cycle

Mitosis:

• in somatic cells (body cells)
• Replicates DNA once, divides once
• results in two identical daughter cells
• DNA is doubled once, divided twice
• Diploid (full set of chromosomes)

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Meiosis:

• in gametes (sex cells)
• Replicates DNA once, divides twice
• Parent cells are diploid, daughter cells are haploid
• Results in haploid cells (half set of DNA)
• one chromosome from each homologous pair

Meiosis 1: sister chromatids stay connected and homologous pairs seperate

Meisos 2: sister chromatids seperate

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Crossing Over

• stage in Meiosis
• occurs after DNA doubles during S phase of Interphase
• occurs only in Prophase 1
• phsically swaps genes that code for the same trait/protein but may be different versions/alleles
• new combinations of alleles
• does not create new genes or chromosomes or rearrange the sequence

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