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Déjà vu
The feeling that you have experienced something before, even though it's happening for the first time. (In other words} The odd sensation that a current situation feels familiar, as if you've been through it previously, even if you haven't.
Mood-congruent memory
Refers to the tendency to recall memories that match your current emotional state. (In other words} When you're feeling a certain way, like happy or sad, you're more likely to remember events that make you feel that same way.
State dependent memory
The phenomenon where people are more likely to recall information when they are in the same physical or emotional state as when they originally learned it. (In other words} You're more likely to remember something if you are in the same mood or situation as when you first learned it.
Ebbinghaus Curve
Also known as the forgetting curve, describes how information is forgotten over time, showing that we forget information rapidly at first and then more gradually over time. (In other words} This curve illustrates that we quickly lose a significant amount of what we learn shortly after studying it, but we forget at a slower pace after that.
Proactive interference
Occurs when old information hinders the retention of new information. (In other words} This happens when what you already know messes up your ability to learn something new.
Retroactive interference
When new information makes it difficult to recall old information. (In other words} This is when learning something new gets in the way of remembering something you learned before.
Repression
Psychological defense mechanism where individuals unconsciously push distressing memories out of their conscious awareness. (In other words} This is when your mind hides painful memories so you don't have to deal with them.
Misinformation effect
Describes how a person's memory can be altered by misleading information after an event. (In other words} This effect shows that your memories can change if you hear incorrect information about what happened after the fact.
Source amnesia
The inability to remember where or how you learned certain information, even though you can remember the information itself. (In other words} This is when you forget where you got specific information from but still know the information.
Elizabeth Loftus
Renowned for her research on the malleability of human memory and the effects of misinformation on recollection. She conducted numerous studies examining how false information introduced after an event can alter a person's memories of that event.
Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon
The feeling of knowing a word or name but being unable to retrieve it from memory at that moment. (In other words} This happens when you know the answer but can't seem to find the right word or name right away.
Imagination Inflation
Refers to the phenomenon wherein imagining an event increases confidence that it actually occurred, even if it didn't. (In other words} This is when just thinking about a fake event can make you feel like it really happened.
