Chapter * Creating a Federal Union

In the spring of 1787 a number of the most distinguished leaders in america traveled to ——- to attend a meeting which would later be known as the —— —- these leaders came from all the states except —— ——

Philadelphia, constitutional convention, Rhode island

The constitutional convention was originally called the —— —— its purpose was to —- the articles of confederation but they soon discovered the a of c had to be —— —— and they had to rewrite a whole —— ——

Philadelphia constitution, revise, thrown out, new constitution

The constitutional convention was held in phili because of a meeting called the —— —— that was held there a year before.

Annapolis convention

The Annapolis meeting was called to discuss —— —— ——- for all the states, problem with this convention was that only delegates from —— states attended, why it was —— and a new convention of union/central gov. had to be held a —- later

uniform trade regulation, five, unsuccessful, year

Only delegates from —— and —— showed up on the date the convention was set to start however by a week later delegates from —— states were present this was a —— so they could get started

Virginia, pa, seven, majority

The constitution convention took place in —— —— in phili, there were 55 delegates who attended the convention and they came from all over was a cross section of —— —— and they were all aware of the —— their country faced

independence hall, American leadership, problems

*—— —— was the oldest delegate of the convention he was from —- and was well respected he was successful in —— the rising tempers between other delegates

Benjamin franklin, pa, calming

*—— ——- was chosen as the —- —— was 55

*—— —— was from —- and was also 55

*—— ——- was from —— and was 45

*—— —— was from —— and was 36

*——- ——- was from NY and was —-

george Washington, john dickinson, pa, james wilson, pa, james madison, virginia, alexander hamilton, 32

several important leaders who lead the struggle for —— —— —— the convention

independence, didn’t attend

*—— —— refused to attend the convention said he —— —- —- and he feared a central government would take too much —- —— —- —-

Patrick henry, smelled a rat, power from the states

*—— —— was from massachussets and didn’t attend the convention since he was not chosen as a ——

samuel adams, delegate

*—— ——, —— ——, and —— —- didn’t attend the convention because they were in Europe at the time

thomas jefferson, john adams, thomas paine

The convention was held in —- there were —- at every door and members couldn’t discuss matters ——.

secret, guards, outside

The three main reasons for keeping the convention a secret was they feared if news got out it would plunge the country into ——, they new it would be easier to iron out —— in —— versus a public debate, and they felt they must first —— among themselves before proposing ideas to the ——-

argument, differences, private, agree, public

official notes were kept but not released until later notes by —— —— came out after his death and were actually more —— than the official ones

James Maddison, accurate

delegates knew that the new government would only be respected if they had the power to do three things —-, —— —- and —— —- —-

tax, coin money, raise an army

None of the delegates favored a government with —- —— they wanted to build a —- —— —- —- and they wanted a government where no —- —- —- could dominate the rest

unlimited power, republican form of government, group of people

*—— —— —- —— form of gov. in which the supreme power rests with the voters who elect representative officials to run the gov. for them

republican form of government

The —— ——- concerned a debate over representation in congress between the small and large states. The —- —— proposed that the number of delegates each state could send should be based on population. the —— —— —— proposed that representation should be equal and all states would have the same number of delegates

great compromise, Virginia plan, new jersey plan

*—- —— was the governor of —— and proposed the virginia plan

Edmund Randolph, Virginia

*—— ——- was the governor of —- —- and proposed the new jersey plan

William Paterson, new jersey

*—— —— proposed the great compromise or —— ——- which called for a —— legislature with an upper house called the —- and a lower house called the —— —- ——.

roger Sherman, Connecticut compromise, bicameral, senate, house of representatives

*—— —— two house legislature

bicameral legislature

The —— —— —— was between the delegates from the north and south over economic interests and primarily the counting of slaves

three-fifths compromise

The northerners wanted slaves to be counted for population for —— but not for population for —— whereas the southerners wanted salves to be counted for population for ——- but not population for —— so they counted —- of the slaves for both

taxation, representation, representation, taxation, 3/5ths

The —— —— was a clash between interests of the north and south concerning —— and —— —— the northern merchants wanted the central government to regulate —— with —- —- but the southerners were afraid the central gov. would impose —— on exports so they gave congress the power to regulate commerce but only the power to levy tariffs on ——-

commerce compromise, commerce, slave regulations, slave regulation, commerce, foreign nations, tariffs, imports

The —- —- —- came out of the fact that now that congress could tax imports did that include —-? the compromise was that slaves could be imported till —— and after that point then congress could make decisions regarding further —— —- ——. This compromise was needed to get the south states to —- the constitution but was a setback for ——- ——-. Thought slavery would be over by —— but wasn’t till almost half a century later

slave trade compromise, slaves, 1808, further slave importation, ratify, anti-slavery movements, 1808

Through the process of the convention angary delegates threatened to —— but it was eventually finished due to many —— and the constitution was —— by 39 of the 55 delegates. After it was singed the delegates met for a ——- —— and departed from Philadelphia those who singed were returned to their states to ——- the constitution for —— those who didn’t sign were prepared to —— ——- it

leave, compromises, singed, farewell dinner, promote, ratification, fight against

*—- supported the ratification of the constitution wanted a strong central gov.

federalists

*———— were those who apposed the ratification of the constitution, felt it gave too much power to the federal gov. from the states

anti-federalists

Many delegates who apposed the constitution thought the new constitution did not give the — enough control over the —— who would run the —- ——

voters, officials, new government

The constitution gave the —- the right to decide who could ——. Most states had —— —— and some still had —— ——. The president and vice president were chosen by —— who were selected by their —— ——

states, vote, property regulations, religious regulations, electors, state legislatures

*—- were chosen by —- —— the people could only vote for officials in the —— —- ———.

senators, state legislatures, house of representatives

anti-federalists were worried about there not being a —- —- —- in the constitution thought their —- —- —— would be taken away.

bill of rights, hard fought rights

*—— was the first state to ratify the constitution followed by —- and —- by the end of the year then —- and —— ratified and then ———. Next came —— —— —- and —- —— (now nine states have ratified) they still needed the influential states of —- and —- ——.

Delaware, pa, nj, Georgia, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maryland, south Carolina, new Hampshire, Virginia, ny

victory in virngina was due to the influence of —— —-

george washington

the victory in NY was due to the influence of —- ——, —- — and —- —- the defended the constitution in a series of writings called the —- ——-

alexander Hamilton, james Maddison, john jay, federalist papers

The federalist papers were printed in —- and —- read, later published in a famous volume called the ——.

newspapers, widely, federalists

george washington was —- —— was the —-- —— and — —- was chosen as the first —— ——

unanimously chosen, first president, john Adams, vice president

elections for the —- —- of the us was not that exciting since most were a part of the —- or already supported the ——

new congress, convention, consitution

The new senators and representatives slowly gathered in —— —- which was the first temporary —- of the US after ratification

NY city, captial