ARRT Registry Exam Review Flashcards

These flashcards are designed to help students review key concepts from the ARRT Registry Exam review lecture notes and prepare effectively for the exam.

An intravenous injection of a concentrated volume of contrast media.

Bolus

Method that utilizes a detector capturing x-ray energy and converting it into an electronic signal.

Direct Capture

The energy created when an L shell electron fills a K shell vacancy in a tungsten atom.

Characteristic X-ray Photon Energy

Substance used in imaging that enhances the visibility of internal structures.

Positive Contrast Agent

Position used to enhance certain views in imaging examinations.

Recumbent LPO

Primary sinus demonstrated in the Waters view.

Maxillary Sinus

A method used in computed radiography systems.

Storage Phosphor

Calculated using the number of turns in the primary and secondary coils.

Transformer Output Voltage

Component responsible for controlling the peak voltage in an x-ray circuit.

kVp Source

Medications administered during an allergic reaction.

Decadron

Result of selecting an improper body part from the exam menu.

Image Misinterpretation

Another term for exposure latitude in radiography.

Dynamic Range

Components not contained within the enclosure of an x-ray tube.

Stators

Infection control measures practiced for all patients.

Universal Precautions

12 inches for mobile fluoroscopic units.

Minimum Source to Skin Distance

0.5 rem for the duration of pregnancy.

Occupational Exposure Limit for Pregnant Technologists

50 mSv.

Annual Exposure Limit for Workers Over 49 years

To reduce skin entrance exposure.

Beam Filtration Purpose

5% variance in exposure of radiographic units.

Reproducibility Limit

Average body build comprising 50% of the population.

Sthenic Body Build

Below average body build comprising 35% of the population.

Hyposthenic Body Build

Extremely small body build comprising 10% of the population.

Asthenic Body Build

Above average or massive body build comprising 5% of the population.

Hypersthenic Body Build

Includes skull, hyoid, vertebral column, and thorax.

Axial Skeleton Composition

Comprises upper and lower extremities, shoulder girdle, and pelvic girdle.

Appendicular Skeleton Composition

Located at level of C1 vertebra.

Mastoid Process Location

Level of C4-C5 vertebrae.

Thyroid Cartilage Location

Located at level of C7 vertebra.

Vertebral Prominens Location

Level of T2-T3 vertebra.

Sternal/Jugular Notch Location

Level of T4-T5 vertebra.

Sternal Angle Location

Level of T7 vertebra.

Inferior Angle of Scapula Location

Level of T10 vertebra.

Xiphoid Tip Location

Level of L3-L4 vertebra.

Umbilicus Location

Level of L4 vertebra.

Iliac Crest Location

It is located in relation to pubic symphysis.

Greater Trochanter Location

Level of L1-L2 vertebra.

Lower Costal Margin Location

Level of S1 vertebra.

ASIS Location

Also known as the Townes method.

AP Axial Skull

Also known as the Caldwell method.

PA Axial Skull

Should be projected in the lower third of the orbits.

Petrous Ridges Placement in PA Axial Skull

15 degrees caudad, exiting nasion.

CR for PA Axial Skull

30 degrees caudad thru foramen magnum to OML.

CR for AP Axial Skull

The line perpendicular to the IR for a lateral skull.

IPL

Uses PSP as the image receptor.

Cassette-based Digital Image Receptor

Also known as the PA Axial 25 degree cephalic angle of the Skull.

Hass Method

The parietoacanthial projection.

Waters Method

Best showed by a lateral view.

Demonstrates all 4 Sinus Groups

15-20 degrees cephalic entering level of C4.

Air Kerma for AP axial C-spine

15-20 degrees caudad.

CR for Anterior Oblique of C-spine

15-20 degrees cephalic.

CR for Posterior Oblique C-spine

Perpendicular at level of iliac crest (L4-L5).

PA/AXL Lumbar Spine CR Location

Vertebral bodies and intervertebral foramina.

Lateral Lumbar Spine Demonstrates

Possible existence of spondylolisthesis.

L5-S1 Spot Lateral Demonstrates

Articular facets and zygapophyseal joints closest to IR.

Posterior Obliques of L-spine Demonstrate

Represents superior articulating process.

Scotty Dog Anatomy - Ear

Represents pedicle.

Scotty Dog Anatomy - Eye

Represents pars interarticularis.

Scotty Dog Anatomy - Neck

Represents transverse process.

Scotty Dog Anatomy - Nose

Represents inferior articulating process.

Scotty Dog Anatomy - Leg

15 degrees cephalad midway between ASIS and pubic symphysis.

CR for AP Axial Sacrum

10 degrees caudad, 2 inches superior to pubic symphysis.

CR for AP Axial Coccyx

L3-L4.

Preferred Spinal Puncture Site for Myelography

HNP (herniated nucleus pulposus).

Primary Pathology for Myelogram

30 degrees cephalad for males, 35 degrees cephalad for females, entering 2 inches above pubic symphysis.

CR for AP Axial Sacroiliac Joints

Farthest from the IR.

Posterior Oblique Demonstration SI Joints

Closest to the IR.

Anterior Oblique Demonstration SI Joints

Perpendicular to femoral neck.

Cross-table Lateral Hip CR Direction

Performed in cases of possible bilateral hip fractures.

Axiolateral Inferosuperior Projection (Clements-Nakayama Method) Use

Also known as Judet method.

AP Oblique Acetabulum Projection

RAO.

Position Demonstrates Sternum Over Heart Shadow

All structures including nasopharynx, oropharynx, hyoid bone, and trachea.

Lateral Upper Airway Demonstrates

Lies lower than the left colic flexure.

Right Colic Flexure Location

Level of iliac crests.

Supine KUB CR Location

Type and relative position of the stomach.

Upright PA During Upper GI Shows

Left retrogastric space.

Upright Left Lateral During Upper GI Shows

Entire stomach and duodenal loop.

Recumbent PA (Prone) During Upper GI Shows

Medial side of ascending colon & lateral side of descending colon.

Right Lateral Decubitus in BE Shows

Medial side of descending colon & lateral side of ascending colon.

Left Lateral Decubitus in BE Shows

Hepatic flexure and ascending colon.

LPO in BE Shows

Splenic flexure and descending colon.

RPO in BE Shows

30-40 degrees caudad, entering at top of sacrum.

CR for PA Axial Sigmoid

15 degrees cephalad.

CR for AP Axial Toes

10 degrees toward heel.

CR for AP Axial Foot

30 degrees.

Foot Rotation for Oblique Foot

Results in all-directional scatter.

Compton Effect

Photoelectron and characteristic photon.

Photoelectric Absorption Byproducts

Coherent scattering and Compton scattering.

Small-angle Scatter Producing Interactions

Annihilation reaction.

Main Particle Interaction at Higher Energies

X-ray photon interacts with atom causing electrons to vibrate.

Coherent Scattering Process

Carriers of manmade electromagnetic energy.

X-ray Photon Characteristics

Degree of overall blackening on a completed radiograph.

Radiographic Density Definition

Differences in density level between images of adjacent structures.

Radiographic Contrast Definition

Increases markedly as incident photon energy decreases and atomic number increases.

Photoelectric Absorption Probability Relationship

Indicates the number of protons in an atom.

Atomic Number Indicated by Z

2-3 inches above iliac crest.

CR for AP Upright KUB

Term for the number of x-rays emitted per inner-shell vacancy.

Fluorescent Yield

13.8.

Compact Bone Effective Atomic Number

Incoherent scattering.

Compton Scattering Synonymy

Also known as elastic or unmodified scattering.

Coherent Scattering Terminology

Types include Compton scattering, photoelectric absorption, and pair production.

Interactions with Biologic Matter