ACTIVITY 10 PLANT CLASSIFICATION

Bryophytes; tracheophytes;

pteridophytes; spermatophytes;

gymnosperms; angiosperms

______________ are those plants that do not have vascular tissues (xylem, phloem) while _______________ refer to plants with vascular tissues.

Among tracheophytes, there are those that produce only spores (________________) and those that enclose their embryos in a structure called the seed (__________________).

Spermatophytes include the _________________ which bear naked seeds and _______________ wherein the seeds are enclosed in the ovary that later on matures to become the fruit.

Marchantiophyta; Anthocerotophyta; Bryophyta

Bryophytes comprise 3 divisions, namely, ______________ (liverworts), __________________ (hornworts) and ______________ (true mosses).

thallus; stem; rhizoid;

gametophyte

In a bryophyte, all the conspicuous vegetative organ, which include the photosynthetic leaf-like structures, the __________ (undifferentiated plant body), _________, and the ___________ that anchors the plant to its substrate—belong to the haploid organism or _______________ generation.

foot; stalk; seta; capsule

calyptra;

operculum;

peristome

The sporophyte on the other hand is nutritionally dependent and attached to the gametophyte.

It consists of the __________ which is embedded in the gametophytic tissue, the _______ or ______ that elevates the spore case or the __________.

The sporophyte has several features that protect the developing spores and aid in their dispersal.

• The _________, derived from the walls of the archegonium, covers the sporangium.

• A structure called the ____________ is at the tip of the spore capsule.

  • The calyptra and operculum fall off when the spores are ready for dispersal.

• The ___________, tissue around the mouth of the capsule, is made of triangular, close-fitting units like little “teeth.”

rhizome; frond;

stipe; pinnae;

fiddlehead

In true ferns, the photosynthetic sporophyte consists of a short ____________ from which the leaves called __________ arise above and roots below.

The frond may be simple or compound. In compound frond, the stalk of the frond is called a ________ while the individual leaflets are called __________. The apex of young frond coils forming a crozier or _____________.

sori (sing. sorus);

indusium

Underneath the mature fern frond are brown, kidney-shaped structures. These are the _____________ which are clusters of sporangia.

A flap of epidermis called ___________ may cover the sorus when young.

cones;

Magnoliophyta

III. The Spermatophytes

Gymnosperms bear reproductive structures known as _________. Male and female cones can be borne on the same plant but on different locations (monoecious, as in pines) or borne on two different individuals (dioecious).

The larger and species-rich of the spermatophytes are the angiosperms that make up one big division, the _______________.

staminal tube;

monadelphous

Family Malvaceae (Gumamela family)

The corolla is made up of 5, free petals, sometimes slightly fused at the base with the _______________.

Stamens are indefinite in number and the filaments are fused forming a single bundle while the anthers are free. This condition is called _______________ and is considered one of the key features in Malvaceae.

The ovary is superior with one long style and enclosed in the staminal tube. The number of stigma correspond to the number of carpels.