DCUSH semester 1

protecting legislation guaranteeing civil rights to former slaves

protecting legislation guaranteeing civil rights to former slaves

In adopting the Fourteenth Amendment, Congress was primarily concerned with

The Union victory in the Civil War led to the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment.

Which of the following factors contributed most directly to the end of slavery in the United States?

The right for people to own slaves

Members of the American (Know-Nothing) Party of the 1850s typically supported

the growing power of poor Southern Whites who resisted planter dominance and sought to abolish slavery

Historians have argued that all of the following were causes of the Civil War EXCEPT

forestalled the possibility of European intervention

The Battle of Antietam, September 17, 1862, is considered pivotal to the outcome of the Civil War because it

passage of a tougher national fugitive slave act

The most controversial and divisive component of the Compromise of 1850 was the

Possession of California and most of the Southwest

The United States gained which of the following from the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848?

The Mexican-American War incorporated extensive new lands into the United States

Which of the following factors best explains the territorial expansion of slavery in the middle of the nineteenth century?

experienced increasing tension over the issue of slavery

A significant result of the Mexican-American War of 1846–1848 was that the United States

The Spanish developed a race-based caste system that defined the status of Europeans, Native Americans, Africans, and people of mixed race in their colonies

The encomienda and slavery systems both contributed to which of the following developments?

decline of indentured labor decline in immigration

By the late 1600s, slavery in North America became institutionalized in part because of the

spread of corn cultivation

Before 1492, many American Indian cultures were strongly influenced by the

A model community promoting government by strict religious principles

New England Puritans sought primarily to create which of the following in Massachusetts?

It enabled poor people to seek opportunity in America.

The system of indentured labor used during the Colonial period had which of the following effects?

mercantilism

The Navigation Acts were part of the British policy known as

Relations with American Indians and restrictions on the fur trade

Bacon’s Rebellion occurred because of disagreements between frontier settlers and the Virginia governor over which of the following issues?

the low price and easy availability of land

In the eighteenth century, British colonists wishing to settle west of the Appalachians were principally motivated by

imposition of new taxes on the British North American colonies

A major consequence of the French and Indian War of 1754–1763 was the

The belief that God had created the world but allowed it to operate through the laws of nature

Which of the following best describes Deism?

British efforts to protect the East India Company from bankruptcy

The Sons of Liberty initiated the Boston Tea Party in direct response to

call for the abolition of the slave trade

The Declaration of Independence did all of the following EXCEPT

the people

By the time of the American Revolution, most patriots had come to believe that, in republican government, sovereignty was located in

wanted to weaken the British empire

France decided to aid the North American colonies in their war for independence primarily because France

\n provide for statehood for western territories

The government of the Articles of Confederation was successful in resolving the problem of how to

debt-ridden farmers attacked courts in western Massachusetts

Shays’ Rebellion frightened many Americans when

a very weak government

The government under the Articles of Confederation consisted of

\n to make sure the constitution was ratified

The Federalist papers were written in order to

weaken and deflect Republican criticism of the Federalists

The Alien and Sedition Acts were designed to

acquire a port to provide for trading purposes

Jefferson’s purchase of Louisiana had its origins in his desire to

protecting legislation guaranteeing civil rights to former slaves

In adopting the Fourteenth Amendment, Congress was primarily concerned with

The Mexican-American War incorporated extensive new lands into the United States.

Which of the following factors best explains the territorial expansion of slavery in the middle of the nineteenth century?

Asserted American independent in the realm of foreign policy.

The issuance of the Monroe Doctrine did which of the following?

experienced increasing tension over the issue of slavery

A significant result of the Mexican-American War of 1846–1848 was that the United States

prevent France from recapturing the Louisiana Territory

The United States went to war in 1812 for all of the following reasons EXCEPT to

the United States Supreme Court

In the first half of the nineteenth century, Cherokee efforts to retain their tribal lands in Georgia received direct support from

Forcing five different Native American tribes to go to land in the Great Plains

What was the outcome of the Indian Removal Act?

It encouraged American settlement in Texas in the 1820’s and early 1830’s.

Which of the following best describes the policy of the government of Mexico toward Texas?

\n Possession of California and most of the Southwest

The United States gained which of the following from the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848?

passage of a tougher national fugitive slave act

The most controversial and divisive component of the Compromise of 1850 was the

forestalled the possibility of European intervention

The Battle of Antietam, September 17, 1862, is considered pivotal to the outcome of the Civil War because it

the growing power of poor Southern Whites who resisted planter dominance and sought to abolish slavery

Historians have argued that all of the following were causes of the Civil War EXCEPT

Madison

father of the constitution

Washington

father of the nation

Jefferson

father of declaration of independence

Jackson

father of democratic party

Polk

won war against mexico 1848

taylor

captured mexico city later president

Paris

treaty ends american revolution

ghent

treaty ends 1812 war

adams onis

treaty brings in florida

william henry harrison

first whig president

william harrison

won tippecanoe and thames battles in 1812 war

Baltimore ft mchenry, new orleans

US wins in war of 1812

conn. compromise, great compromise

constitutional compromise that gave us our bicameral legislature

3/5 compromise

constitutional compromise that gave counting slaves as less than a person

tertiary

Before European arrival, Native American settlement patterns were NOT....

sugar islands

In what agricultural industry/geographic area did the Spanish and Portuguese use African slaves?

Land bridge from Eurasia to North America

How did the first Americans get to the North American continent?

interdependent economic system

What was the Columbian Exchange?

Disease, Indian Raids, starvation (all of the above

What challenges did Jamestown face in their early years?

Christians

Who did Maryland's Act of Toleration (1649) apply to?

self government

What was the purpose of the Mayflower Compact?

God’s law

What did Puritans believe the purpose of government was?

Individualist and Indepent

\n Describe the origins and reputation of the Rhode Island colony:

white servants

Where did Chesapeake colonies acquire most of the labor they needed in the 1600s?

planters began to use slaves over indentured servants

What were the results of Bacon’s Rebellion?

evil spirits within people

What social/religious changes in Massachusetts caused the Salem witchcraft trials?

cattle and grain

What was the economic basis of the Northern Colonies?

emotion and fear to scare them

What tactics did Great Awakening/ New Light preachers use?

rice and indigo

What was the economic basis of the Southern Colonies?

control of the ohio river valley

What did Britain and France clash over (1754-1800)?

Prohibited colonial settlement west of Appalachian mountains

What is the purpose of the Proclamation of 1763?

pay for the military

Why did the British Parliament pass the Stamp Act?

explain to the rest of the world why they revolted

What was the purpose(s) of the Declaration of Independence?

Consent of the Governed

How did Thomas Paine believe that all government officials should gain their authority?

Could not enforce taxes

What was the greatest weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

Showed the need for a strong central government

What was the impact of Shays Rebellion?

France

Who was America’s first alliance with?

A republican form of government is possible

What did The Federalist Papers argue?

based on population

How did the Virginia Plan determine representation in the House and Senate?

decrease foreign trade

Which was NOT a feature of Hamilton's economic program?

Warned against lasting political alliances

What did Washington discuss in his Farewell Address in 1796?

William Seward

Secretary of State who was responsible for purchasing Alaskan Territory from Russia. By purchasing Alaska, he expanded the territory of the country at a reasonable price.

frontier thesis

The argument by Frederick Jackson Turner that the frontier experience helped make American society more democratic; emphasized cheap, unsettled land and the absence of a landed aristocracy.

Chief Joseph

Leader of Nez Perce. Fled with his tribe to Canada instead of reservations. However, US troops came and fought and brought them back down to reservations

Transcontinental Railroad

Railroad connecting the west and east coasts of the continental US

New south

Optimistic phrase white Southerners used to describe the post-Reconstruction South, reflecting the South's development of a new system of race relations based on segregation and white supremacy and pointing to a profound economic transformation that swept across the region.

compromise 1877

Resolution of the disputed presidential election that handed victory to Republican Hayes over Democrat Tilden. Democrats agreed to the deal in exchange for patronage and the removal of federal troops from the south.

Mississippi Plan (1875)

Campaign of violence and intimidation waged by armed groups of whites closely allied with the Democratic Party that drove Republicans from power in the state elections of 1874. Copied by other Southern states.

reconstruction amendements

13th: abolished and continues to prohibit slavery and involuntary servitude, 14th: provided citizenship and equal protection under the law to freedmen, 15th: prohibits each government in the United States to prevent a citizen from voting based on their race

Civil rights act 1866

Passed by Congress on 9th April 1866 over the veto of President Andrew Johnson. The act declared that all persons born in the United States were now citizens, without regard to race, color, or previous condition.

Wade-Davis Bill (1864)

Radical Republican plan for Reconstruction that required 50% of a state's 1860 voters to take an "iron clad" oath of allegiance and a state constitutional convention before the election of state officials; pocket-vetoed by Lincoln.

Freedmen's Bureau

Organization run by the army to care for and protect southern Blacks after the Civil War

10% Plan/Presidential Reconstruction

Lincoln made this and it said when 10% of the the voters of a Confederate State pledged allegiance to the Union, that state would be readmitted into the US

Sherman’s march to the sea

The 285-mile "scorched earth" campaign of General William T. Sherman across Georgia in late 1864 and early 1865. Sherman's soldiers seized or destroyed $100 million in goods, hurting Southern morale and depriving the Confederate army of supplies.

Copperheads

A group of northern Democrats who opposed abolition and sympathized with the South during the Civil War

Border states

States bordering the North: Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky and Missouri. They were slave states, but did not secede.

special field order 15

Order by General William T. Sherman in January 1865 to set aside abandoned land along the southern Atlantic coast for forty-acre grants to freedmen; rescinded by President Andrew Johnson later that year.

Gettysburg address(1863)

Abraham Lincoln's oft-quoted speech, delivered at the dedication of the cemetery at Gettysburg battlefield. In the address, Lincoln framed the war as a means to uphold the values of liberty.

Draft Riots

Conscription Act in 1863 forced men between 20-45 years old to be eligible for conscription but one could avoid it if they paid 300 or got someone in their place; provoked anger from poor workers