Chapter 5 - Digestive system roots

aliment/ (alimentary)

nourishment

digest/ (digestion)

to break down

esophagus

gullet (Greek)

gastr/ (gastric)

stomach

enter/ (gastroenterology)

intestines

intestin/ (gastrointestinal)

gut, intestine

lymph

spring water (latin)

mouth

mouth (Old English)

absorption (absorb)

to swallow (latin)

-ase (amylase)

enzyme

amyl/ (amylase)

starch

bolus

lump (Greek)

contract/ (contraction)

to shorten

contract

draw together (latin)

deglutit/ (deglutition)

to swallow

elimin/ (elimination)

throw away

en- (enzyme)

in

zyme/ (enzyme)

fermenting, enzyme

ingest/ (ingestion)

carry in

lip/ (lipase)

fat

stalsis/ (peristalsis)

constrict

prot/ (protease)

protein

secrete

to separate (Latin)

segment

to cut (Latin)

segment/ (segmental)

section

mastic/ (masticate)

chew

or/ (oral)

mouth

palate

palate (latin)

papilla

small pimple (Latin)

ruga

wrinkle (Latin)

taste

to taste (Latin)

tongue

tongue (Latin)

uvula

grape (Latin)

-id (bicuspid)

having a particular quality

cusp/ (bicuspid)

point

crown

crown (Latin)

dent/ (dentin)

tooth

enamel

enamel (French)

gingiva

gum (Latin)

gingiv/ (gingival)

gums

immun/ (immunoglobulin)

immune response

globul/ (immunoglobulin)

protein

incisor

to cut into (Latin)

-zyme (lysozyme)

enzyme

molar

millstone (Latin)

par- (parotid)

beside

ot/ (parotid)

ear

odont/ (periodontal)

tooth

-id (parotid)

having a particular quality

pulp

flesh (Latin)

root

beginning (Old English)

saliva

spit (Latin)

saliv/ (salivary)

saliva

sub- (sublingual)

underneath

lingu/ (sublingual)

tongue

mandibul/ (submandibular)

the jaw

symptom

sign (Greek)

symptomat/ (symptomatic)

symptom

a- (asymptomatic)

without

cardi/ (cardiac)

heart

constrict/ (constrictor)

narrow, to narrow

-or (constrictor)

a doer, one who does, that which does something

deglutition

to swallow (Latin)

glottis/ (epiglottis)

windpipe

epi- (epiglottis)

above

esophag/ (esophageal)

esophagus

nas/ (nasopharynx)

nose

pharynx/ (nasopharynx)

throat

pharynx

throat (Greek)

sphincter

band, lace, or anything that binds tight (Greek)

chyme

juice (Greek

duoden/ (duodendum)

latin for twelve

-in (gastrin)

substance, chemical

hydr/ (hydrochloric)

water

chlor/ (hydrochloric)

green

intrins/ (intrinsic)

on the inside

factor/ (intrinsic factor)

maker

mal- (malabsorption)

back

absorb/ (malabsorption)

swallow

mucus

slime (Latin)

muc/ (mucous)

mucus

pepsin

to digest (Greek)

pepsin/ (pepsinogen)

pepsin

pylor/ (pylorus)

gate

ileum

to roll up (Latin)

ile/ (ileocecal)

ileum

cec/ (ileocecal)

cecum

jejun

empty (Latin)

jejun/ (jejunal)

empty

mes- (mesentery)

middle

entery/ (mesentery)

intestine

mucosa (submucosa)

lining of a cavity (another name for mucous membrane)

muscul/ (muscularis)

muscle

omentum

membrane that drapes over the intestines (Latin)

pariet/ (parietal)

wall

peritoneum

to stretch over (Latin)

peritone/ (peritoneal)

peritoneum

plica

fold (latin)

serosa

serous, watery (Latin)

seros/ (serosal)

watery consistency