Corrections 17-18 Study Guide

Caucasians are underrepresented in executions

True

Rather than deter violent crime, the death penalty might ______.

increase it

What region has the most executions?

Southern

Darnell is an inmate on death row. He will be executed next week using the most common method of execution. How will he be executed?

lethal injection

In McClesky v. Kemp (1987), the Court held that ______.

Statistical data used to demonstrate disparities in the use of the death penalty were not sufficient evidence to invalidate its use.

Inmates who present with death row phenomenon or death row syndrome invite security risks for correctional staff because their psychiatric problems and aberrant behaviors tend to be more dangerous and problematic.

True

Compared to their proportions in the general population, Blacks are overrepresented on death row.

True

Most murderers on death row are well mannered and do not represent an institutional hazard.

True

Execution by lethal injection typically uses a combination of three drugs.

True

Jordan has been convicted of murder and sentenced to death and is trying to prove his innocence. According to the Martinez v. Ryan ruling, which of the following is true?

If Jordan can prove he had ineffective counsel during both the trial phase and the post-conviction phase, then the federal court can get involved.

What was the significance of Glossip v. Gross (2015) regarding the constitutionality of the death penalty?

Methods of implementing the death penalty are constitutional unless the convicted can demonstrate that the method causes more harm than other methods that are available.

James has experienced the harmful effects of death row conditions. He has been in solitary confinement for months, and he is so anxious about being executed. What is he is experiencing?

death row phenomenon

Jim is an inmate in the federal system who is about to be executed. Where will his execution take place?

USP Terre Haute

James has also developed a mental illness over time as a result of being on death row. What do you call this?

death row syndrome

Approximately fifty percent of states authorize lethal gas as a method of execution.

False

Approximately one-quarter of death penalty cases end in a plea bargain

False

The mayor of Miami is really concerned that there have been more homicides in the city recently. There have also been more executions. What could explain this?

brutalization hypothesis

What is the biggest problem associated with lethal injection?

The inmate’s veins often collapse

The prosecutorial death discretion outcome observes that prosecutors are overwhelmingly Caucasian and seek the death penalty disproportionately more often when the victim is also Caucasian.

True

The prison environment on death row takes a toll on the inmates and staff as well

True

An offender has been executed. What argument for the death penalty can you apply to this situation?

specific deterrence

The brutalization hypothesis puts holes in deterrence as a rationale for supporting the death penalty

True

Michael has been convicted and sentenced to be executed but is currently waiting for his execution to take place. How might he refer to this time?

being on death row

In Thompson v. Oklahoma (1988) the Court drew the line at age __ under which execution was not constitutionally permissible.

16

One of the biggest problems with using electrocution as a method of execution is that it takes many shocks to cause death.

True

Retribution is the same as revenge

False

Which offender would have the greatest likelihood of receiving the death penalty for their actions?

a black man who murdered a white woman

You are a judge deciding a case with a 17-year-old defendant who has killed both of his parents and his three siblings. He has been waived to adult court and you live in a state that permits capital punishment. You can sentence this defendant to death.

False

The _____ makes an independent recommendation to the attornery general regarding death penalty cases.

Attorney General’s Review Committee on Capital Cases

Kennedy v. Louisiana (2008) extended the Coker decision to crimes that involved child molestation or rape.

True

Since the reinstatement of the death penalty in the federal system, at least seventy-five people have been executed.

False

The ____ model demands that punishments match the degree of harm that criminals have inflicted on their victims.

Just deserts

What is true about the number of offenders on death row?

They constitute a very low number of people under correctional supervision

When using lethal gas as a method of execution, what kind of pellets produce the lethal gas?

cyanide

Mark is a defendant who is being tried for a capital case. What should he expect about his trial?

His case can only be tried by a jury according to the constitution

Research and evaluation ______.

is a critical part of correctional programs

You are a warden at a prison in your state, which houses a good percentage of elderly inmates. These inmates are expensive and do not pose a threat to society. You have been working with appropriate parties to determine a solution to dealing with elderly inmates. What is the best option?

Release them under community supervision once they turn sixty (excluding pedophiles).

What is the difference between silver and bronze research support with iron research support?

Silver and bronze research support are a higher level than iron research support

The Department of Corrections (DOC) in California is looking to assess the effectiveness of its parole system. Which scenario utilizes the Justice Reinvestment Initiative perspective?

The DOC would analyze data regarding parole board decisions, examine the policies and procedures involved in parole, and then measure the success of the parole system by looking at outcomes for those on parole.

Follow-up data are most important in _____ evaluations.

outcome

Private prisons are controversial because some people have a moralistic opposition to the idea that money is made off the misery of others

True

The prison that you work at only conducts the highest-quality research. Interventions are always evaluated with a control design and multiple site replications with conclusive reductions in recidivism. What level research is this considered?

gold

What is the purpose of the Justice Reinvestment Initiative (JRI)?

reduce recidivism and improve public safety

Goals of programs should be translated into _______.

measurable outcomes

What is a concern of prison social media?

gang members communicating in code

The designation of ______ is reserved for programs that have been subjected to research, but the findings were negative and the programs were determined to be ineffective.

dirt

It is important that evaluators provide recommendations for agencies based on the outcome of the evaluation.

True

______ speaks volumes to the agency’s professionalism and sense of ethical responsibility.

Accreditation

Assessment implies that one outcome is desired over others, the outcome is measurable, and the outcome is defined according to practical realities.

False

There are two types of evaluation research.

False