History

Medical period

Black Death

1347 - 1351

The great plague

1665 - 1666

3 main reasons for people dying

Pain, blood loss, cauterisation

Cauterisation

Seal off blood supply

Renaissance

Re - birth

The four humours

Phlegm, blood, black bile, yellow bile

Physician

Only for the rich, examine urine

Barber surgeon

For those with less money, bleed you and cute hair/ perform surgery.

Monasteries

Care homes run by monks.

Wise women

Women in villages who would give advice to the sick, they were the most helpful.

Lister

Death rate when from 46% → 15%

Joseph Lister

An English surgeon and pioneer of antiseptic surgery, known for reducing the death rate in surgical patients through the use of antiseptics.

Carbolic acid

A chemical used by Joseph Lister as an antiseptic in surgery to kill bacteria and prevent infection.

Two main problems with surgery

Pain and infection.

James Simpson

A Scottish physician known for pioneering the use of chloroform as an anesthetic during childbirth in the 19th century.

Chloroform

Ether + hydrochloric acid

Germ theory

Disease caused by microorganisms.

Pasteur

French biologist known for developing the germ theory of disease and inventing pasteurization.

Koch

German physician, injected mice with anthrax, proved germs caused disease, stained and found 21 different types of disease causing germs.