Bio Unit 2 Test - Kingdoms and Classification

The Taxa in order

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Which taxa is most inclusive?

Domain

Which taxa is most exclusive?

Species

The Domains

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

Kingdoms containing only multicellular organisms

Plantae and Animalia

Kingdoms containing only unicellular organisms

Eubacteria and Archaebacteria

Kingdoms containing both unicellular and multicellular organisms

Protista and Fungi

Three examples of Eubacteria

Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella

Three examples of Archaebacteria

Thermophile, halophile, acidophile

Three examples of Protists

Amoeba, Paramecium, slime molds, and giant kelp

Three examples of Plantae

Mosses, ferns, flowering plants

Three examples of Fungi

Mushroom, yeast, mold

Three examples of Animalia

Insects, fish, mammals

What is binomial nomenclature?

Means “two names.” Was developed by Carolus Linnaeus

What are the rules of writing the scientific name of an organism?

Both genus and species names should be italicized

Genus name should be capitalized and species name in lowercase

Characteristics of the Archaea Domain

Cell type is prokaryote

Archaebacteria cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan

Contains only unicellular organisms

Autotrophs or heterotrophs

Not extremophiles

Characteristics of the Bacteria Domain

Cell walls contain peptidoglycan

Cell type is prokaryote

Contains only unicellular organisms

Autotrophs or heterotrophs

Extremophiles

Cell type of the Eubacteria Kingdom

Prokaryotic and unicellular

Cell type of the Archaebacteria kingdom

Prokaryotic

Cell type of the Protist Kingdom

Eukaryotic 

Cell type of the Fungi Kingdom

Eukaryotic

Cell type of the Plant Kingdom

Eukaryotic

Cell type of the Animal Kingdom

Eukaryotic

Cell structure of Eubacteria

Cell walls with peptidoglycan

Cell structure of Archaebacteria

Cell walls without peptidoglycan

Cell structure of Protists

Cell walls of cellulose in some; some have chloroplasts

Cell structure of Plants

Cell walls of chitin

Cell structure of Animals

No cell walls or chloroplasts

Kingdoms with only unicellular organisms

Eubacteria and Archaebacteria

Kingdoms with both unicellular and multicellular organisms

Protist and Fungi

Kingdoms with only multicellular organisms

Plant and Animal

Kingdoms that are autotrophs or heterotrophs

Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, and Protist

Kingdoms that are only autotrophs

Plant

Kingdoms that are only heterotrophs

Fungi and Animal

Peptidoglycan

A substance that forms the cell walls of many bacteria

Chitin

A structural polysaccharide that can be found in the cell walls of fungi

Cellulose

A natural polymer found in plant cell walls and some algae and bacteria

Taxon/taxa

A group/rank in the system of taxonomy

Linnaeus’s contribution to taxonomy

He created the system of binomial nomenclature and developed the classification system of organisms