csc final

End systems, packet switches, and other pieces of the Internet run \_______ that control the sending and receiving of information within the Internet.

protocol

Different links can transmit data at different rates, with the \____ of a link measured in bits/second.

transmission rate

A \____ is a device that connects two or more packet-switched networks or subnetworks. It serves two primary functions: managing traffic between these networks by forwarding data packets to their intended IP addresses, and allowing multiple devices to use the same Internet connection.

router

The two most prevalent types of broadband residential access are \____ and cable.

DSL

On windows OS, displays all current TCP/IP network configuration values and refreshes Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and Domain Name System (DNS) settings. Used without parameters, \_______ displays Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) and IPv6 addresses, subnet mask, and default gateway for all adapters.

ipconfig

An \____ is a physical location through which Internet infrastructure companies such as Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and CDNs connect with each other.

ixp

\_______ is the capacity of a wired or wireless network communications link to transmit the maximum amount of data from one point to another over a computer network or internet connection in a given amount of time - usually one second.

bandwidth

\_____ is a measure of how many units of information a system can process in a given amount of time. It is applied broadly to systems ranging from various aspects of computer and network systems to organizations.

Throughput

The \_____ is a computer network that interconnects billions of computing devices throughout the world.

internet

The \____ and \____ the are two of the most important protocols in the Internet

ip and TCP

A communication path way that transfers data from one point to another is called

Link

Which term used for the time for a small packet to travel from client to server and back to the client?

RTT

If we use 1,000 Mbps, what megabytes (Mbyte) per second transfer rate? (mbps/8)

125 Mbyte

Which protocols are used on the internet to transmit web pages?

HTTP

What stands for LAN in the network?

Local Area Network

What maximum transmission speed does Ethernet category 7 support?

10Gbps

What is the traceroute (tracert) command used for? Explain how to use this command on the Windows OS.

command is used to find how many hops and which route that a request is sent when reaching its final destination,

What are UTP and STP cables in the network?

UTP cables are unshielded meaning that excess outside noise can possible interfere with the cable. STP solves this problem by adding a coated shield that is designed to protect against outside noise.

What is FDM and TDM circuit switching? How FDM is different from TDM?

TDM stands for Time Division Multiplexing. FDM stands for Frequency Division Multiplexing. TDM works well with both analog as well as digital signals.
One of the major differences between FDM and TDM is that in FDM, multiple signals are transmitted by occupying different frequency slots. As against in TDM, the various signal gets transmitted in multiple time slots. We all know that multiplexing is a technique of transmission of multiple signals over a common channel. FDM divides the channel into multiple, but smaller frequency ranges to accommodate more users, while TDM divides a channel by allocating a time period for each channel. TDM provides much better flexibility compared to FDM.

What is the bandwidth in networking? Explain examples.

the maximum data transfer rate of a network or Internet connection. For example, a gigabit Ethernet connection has a bandwidth of 1,000 Mbps (125 megabytes per second). An Internet connection via cable modem may provide 25 Mbps of bandwidth.

\____ are used to store data from websites such as recommendations and shopping cart items.

Cookies

\_____ is a mechanism which allows processes to communicate with each other and synchronize their actions.

Inter process communication (IPC)

Which of the following command is to test open ports in the network?

telnet

What transport service does NOT an application layer need?

remote data access

IPv6 includes \________ bit source and destination address fields.

128

Which of the following command that displays all current TCP/IP network information on Windows OS?

ipconfig -all

What is the status code of a successful HTTP request?

200

Which command will you use to list all network connections?

netstat

What does HTTP response status code 400 mean?

Bad Request

What does HTTP response status code 200 mean?

OK

What does SMTP stand for?

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

What does RTT stand for in Network?

Round Trip Time

Which is the fastest type of media in Network?

Fiber optic

What does POP stand for in Network protocol?

Post Office Protocol

Which HTTP status code means page not found?

404

What is MAC and IP address? How do you find your network MAC address?

A mac address is usually considered permanent identifier of the hardware while IP is a soft one that can be changed and spoofed easily if needed. To find your network mac address it is usually in the properties tab of the network settings if you are to click on them.

Explain the GET and POST method type in the HTTP web server. What is the difference between GET and POST method in a Web Server?

The method specified determines how form data is submitted to the server. When the method is GET, all form data is encoded into the URL, appended to the action URL as query string parameters. With POST, form data appears within the message body of the HTTP request.
The two methods are distinct where GET method adds the encoded data to the URI while in case of POST method the data is appended to the body rather than URI. Additionally, GET method is used for retrieving the data. Conversely, POST method is used for storing or updating the data.

What is a cookie and what does it do in the networking or Internet?

the term given to describe a type of message that is given to a web browser by a web server. The main purpose of a cookie is to identify users and possibly prepare customized Web pages or to save site login information for you.

Explain how to develop a java network program on CMD(command line) with java command. What kind of command use for compile and running?

In order to run a java file make sure you have java JDK installed and working. Take a java source file and run it through cmd by going to the directory its located in and typing "javac INSERT_NAME" the c in javac meaning compiler. Now that it is compiled, you will have two files if you check the directory again. Now if you are to do "java NEW_CLASS_FILE" this will run the program and return whatever response the program has

Enterprises have formed \________ to reach customers, suppliers, and partners while isolating their proprietary information from unwanted access.

intranets and extranets

DWDM enables capacities of \________ per second.

terabits

The growth of \________ enhances the ability of employees to take their business context with them as they move about, resulting in the ability to use enterprise information resources and services from virtually anywhere.

high-speed wireless access

An \________ uses Internet and Web technology in an isolated facility internal to an enterprise.

intranet

A network in which small chunks of data are passed through the network from node to node, and at each node the entire data chunk is received, stored briefly, and then transmitted to the next node, is a \________ network.

packet switching

A dominant architecture in the business environment and the more recent Web-focused intranet trend is \________ computing.

client/server

The rapid conversion of consumer electronics to digital technology is having an impact on both the Internet and corporate intranets. Two examples of this trend are \________.

digital versatile disks and digital still cameras

The key elements of a simple communications model are \________.

source, transmission, destination

Once an interface is established \________ is required for communication.

signal generation

In order for data processing devices to communicate certain conventions must be decided on. These requirements can collectively be termed \________.

exchange management

In situations in which information exchange is interrupted due to a fault somewhere in the system, \________ techniques are needed to either resume activity at the point of interruption or to restore systems to their state prior to the beginning of the exchange.

recovery

In a \________ network, a dedicated communications path is established between two stations through the nodes of the network. The telephone network is the most common example.

circuit switching

A \________ is a physical facility that provides the infrastructure to move data between connected networks.

NAP

Individual hosts and LANs are connected to an Internet Service Provider through a \________.

POP

The place where telephone companies terminate customer lines and locate switching equipment to interconnect those lines with other networks is the \________.

CO

Three different forces have consistently driven the architecture and evolution of data communications and networking facilities: traffic growth, development of new services, and \_____________.

advances in technology

Today's networks can offer differing levels of \________, which include specifications for the maximum delay and minimum throughput.

quality of service (QoS)

Recent offerings of \________ multiplexing enable capacities of many terabits per second for long-distance telecommunication and data network links.

Dense wavelength division

\________ involves moving voice into a data infrastructure, integrating all the voice and data networks inside a user organization into a single data network infrastructure, and then extending that into the wireless arena.

Convergence

An \________ extends a company's intranet out onto the Internet to allow selected customers, suppliers, and mobile workers to access the company's private data and applications.

extranet

The need to make efficient use of transmission facilities that are typically shared among a number of communicating devices is referred to as \________.

Transmission system utilization

There is a potential for error in all communication systems, therefore, \_________ and correction are required in circumstances where errors cannot be tolerated.

error detection

\__________ is required to assure that the source does not overwhelm the destination by sending data faster than they can be processed and absorbed.

flow control

\___________ is the process of squeezing the data down so that a lower capacity, cheaper transmission facility can be used to meet a given demand.

compressing

Networks that generally cover a large geographical area, require the crossing of public right-of-ways, consist of a number of interconnected switching nodes, and rely on circuits provided by a common carrier are \________.

WAN

Using fixed length packets and sometimes referred to as cell relay, \________ is a culmination of developments in circuit switching and packet switching. It is so efficient that it can offer a constant data rate channel even though it is using a packet switching technique.

Asynchronous transfer mode

\________ networks provide advantages in the areas of mobility and ease of installation and configuration.

Wireless

The Internet evolved from the \________ which was developed in 1969 by the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the U.S. Department of Defense.

ARPANET

Communicating across arbitrary, multiple, packet-switched networks is \________.

Internetworking

Each IP packet includes a unique numeric address of the destination host. This address is referred to as an \________.

IP address

In Java Network, which classes are used for connection-less socket programming?

Both DatagramSocket & DatagramPacket

Network programming in any language definitely needs to deal with \_______________ and \____________________.

IP addresses; port numbers

In Java Network, the DatagramSocket class is used to create sockets \______________.

in both the UDP client and UDP server

In Java Network, the \________________________ class is used to create datagram packets.

DatagramSocket or DatagramPacket

In Java implementation of TCP, a client uses \___________________; a server uses \________________________.

Socket object; ServerSocket object and Socket object

ServerSocket is sometimes called the \______________ and or the \______________ socket.

passive socket; listen socket

In Java two methods, getOutputStream() and getInputStream(), are provided in the \__________________class.

Socket

In Java TCP Network, accept( ) method is provided in the \__________________class.

ServerSocket

In Java TCP Network, what method returns the address to which the socket is connected?

getInetAddress( )

In Java Network, execution of a java thread begins on which method call?

start( )

In Networking, what is a TCP? Explain specifically.

Communications standard that enables application programs and computing devices to exchange messages over a network. It is designed to send packets across the internet and ensure the successful delivery of data and messages over networks.

In Java Network, input/output is done using streams. Streams are an abstraction. Explain what this means and why it is important.

a source from which data can be read or a destination to which data can be written. A stream is an abstraction because it represents the abstract idea of a source or destination of data, as opposed to specific, concrete sources and destinations such as a particular file or network connection. The stream abstraction is important because it allows programmers to do input/output using the same methods for a wide variety of data sources and destinations. It hides the details of working with files, networks, and the screen and keyboard.

Explain what is meant by the client/server model of network communication. Explain specifically.

a server program runs on a computer somewhere on the Internet and "listens" for connection requests from client programs. The server makes some services available. A client program connects to the server to access that service. For example, a Web server has a collection of Web pages. A Web browser acts as a client for the Web server. It makes a connection to the server and sends a request for one of its pages. The server responds by transmitting a copy of the requested page back to the client.

In Networking, what is a socket? Explain specifically.

one endpoint of a network connection. A program uses a socket to communicate with another program over the network. Data written by a program to the socket at one end of the connection is transmitted to the socket on the other end of the connection, where it can be read by the program at that end.

In Java Networking, what is a ServerSocket and how is it used? Explain specifically.

a server program to listen for connection requests from client programs. If listener refers to an object that belongs to Java's ServerSocket class, then calling the function listener.accept() will wait for a connection request and will return a Socket object that can be used to communicate with the client that made the request.

Communication network is

a collection of interconnected functional units that provides a data communications service among stations attached to the network

Which of the following protocol is used for remote terminal connection service?

TELNET

Which of the following terms is just the collection of networks that can be joined together?

Intranet

What maximum transmission speed does Ethernet category 5 support?

100Mbps

Which protocol should be used to send files on Internet?

FTP

If we use 250 Mbyte, what megabit (Mbps) per second transfer rate?

2000

Which term used for translates the domain names into IP addresses and points your device in the right direction?

DNS

What is the status code of a file not found HTTP request?

404

What is the default port number using for the HTTPS in the network?

443

\___________ is a network administration command-line tool for querying the Domain Name System (DNS) to obtain a domain name or IP address mapping, or other DNS records.

nslookup

Which one is not contained in a typical URL?

Method type

What is the internet checksum for the following 16-bit integers?
10010111 10100111
10101000 11011111

10111111 01111000

\_____ provides unreliable transfer of a group of bytes ("datagrams") between client and server.

UDP

What does CDN stand for in networking?

Content Distribution Network

What is logical communication between the process?

transport layer

The \________ is one of a number of major Internet interconnection points that serve to tie all the ISPs together.

IXP