Peace and Conflict

Some countries go to war in order to obtain things that they do not have. What is this called?

Greed

Give 2 things that a country may want to gain from another country and go to war for?

Land; Oil; Gold

What scripture or teaching in the Bible is against going to war for greed?

1. “Thou shalt not covet.” 2. “For the love of money is the root of all evil”

What scripture or teaching in the Quran is against going to war for greed?

1. Zakat and sadaqah 2. ‘You shall not take each other’s money illicitly.’

What is the name given to the idea that countries should go to war if they are threatened or have been attacked?

Self-defence

Give an example in the Bible where someone had to fight to defend themselves or their people.

David and Goliath

Give an example in the Quran where someone had to fight to defend themselves or their people.

The Battle of Badr

What is the name given to the idea that countries go to war to get revenge for something another country has done to them?

Retaliation

Give an example of an act of retaliation in the Bible.

1. Moses and the 10 plagues 2. The flood and Noah’s ark

What scripture in the Bible supports self-defence and retaliation?

“An eye for an eye”

What scripture or teaching in the Bible is against the idea of self-defence and retaliation?

1. ‘Turn the other cheek.’ 2. ‘Live by the sword…die by the sword.’ 3. ‘Blessed are the peacemakers.’

Complete the scripture from the Bible: “do not repay anyone evil for evil…”

Repay evil with Good

Complete the Quote from the Quran: “those who have been wronged…”

Are permitted to take up arms

What is a weapon of mass destruction?

Weapons that cause suffering and damage on a large scale

Why are WMD banned?

Because they cause collateral damage and leads to the death of innocent people

What is the name given to the act where damage and death is caused to unintended targets?

Collateral damage

What are the 3 types of WMD?

Chemical, biological and nuclear

Why do countries choose not to use nuclear weapons?

It is against international law

What example is there of WMD being used?

1. WWI – gas 2. Hiroshima

Some people say that if two countries have WMD, they would not use it against each other out of fear of retaliation. What is this known as?

MAD – mutually assured destruction

Some people say that nuclear weapons stop people from going to war. What is the name given to the idea that people are discouraged from doing things due to the consequences and punishment?

Deterrent

Give two reasons why Muslims and Christians would be against WMD?

1. Loss of innocent life (sanctity of life) 2. Causes harm to the environment – stewardship

dominion

Name 2 different victims of war

1. Soldiers 2. Civilians 3. Children

Name 3 ways that war can cause victims

1. Loss of life 2. Loss of home 3. Loss of family 4. No food or water

What Christian parable teaches Christians to help those in need?

The Good Samaritan; The Sheep and the Goats

Provide a scripture that teaches Christians to help those in need.

‘When I was hungry, you fed me…’ ‘Love thy neighbour.’

Name 1 Christian charity that supports victims of war and explain what they do.

Caritas; Christian Aid; Salvation Army

• They provide emergency humanitarian aid to war victims, including food, clean water, shelter, and medical supplies.

• They support refugees and displaced people by offering safe shelter, basic necessities, and help rebuilding their lives.

• They work to protect human dignity by supporting traumatised victims of war through counselling, community support, and long-term recovery programmes.

Name 2 teachings in Islam that encourages Muslims to support those in need.

Zakat; Sadaqah; Khums

What scripture from the Quran supports the idea Muslims should help those in need?

He who saved a life, it is as if he saved the whole of humanity

be compassionate to the desitude

What is Just War theory?

The idea that war can be justified for specific reason and if carried out in a certain way

Name any 2 Just War principles

• Just cause - Ordered by a legal authority - Reasonable chance of success - Last resort - Proportional - Discrimination between combatants and civilians

What is a Holy War?

A war ordered by a religious authority in defence of the faith

What just cause would lead Muslims to go to war?

If their religion is under attack (lesser jihad)

Complete the quotation from the Quran: “Fight in God’s cause against those that fight you….”

But do not overstep the mark, Allah does not love transgressors

What word is used to describe someone who is against war and violence in all circumstances?

Pacifist

Give an example of Jesus’ teachings that may be followed by those who practise non-violence.

‘Turn the other cheek.’ ‘Blessed are the peacemakers…’

Give two reasons why people protest.

1. to raise awareness of a situation 2. to show their outrage or unhappiness 3. to force a change

What example from the Bible encourages Christians to protest and could be used to justify violent protest?

Jesus cleansing the Temple

Finish this quote from the Bible, “It is written that my Father’s house will be a house of prayer…”

‘…but you have turned it into a den of thieves.’

What teaching means many Christians are against violent protests?

Pacifism

Give an example of a non-violent protest led by a Christian leader.

MLK’s peaceful marches

What is terrorism?

Using acts of violence in order to cause terror and achieve a political goal

Give a scripture in the Bible against terrorism.

‘Blessed are the peacemakers…’ ‘Thou shalt not kill.’

Give a scripture from the Quran that would discourage terrorism.

‘Do not take a life that God has made sacred.’

What is peace?

Harmonious existence; the opposite of war

What is the name given to the idea that people should restore relationships?

Reconciliation

What line from the Lord’s Prayer encourages forgiveness?

‘Forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us.’

What do Muslims and Christians do to try and overcome the bad feeling left after war?

Promote forgiveness and reconciliation between groups through meeting and dialogues

Corrie Ten Boom

was a Dutch Christian who helped many Jews escape the Holocaust and wrote about faith and forgiveness.

Met SS man in Munich who guarded the camp she was in and can’t shake his hand. Prayed and she did, and the moment she touched his hand she felt agape. He believes that the ability of love comes from Christ, and God’s love can heal the rifts of world

Eric Lomax

surrendered in Singapore in 1942

meet his torturer and was able to forgive due to his toutuer’s humility and guilt

CS Lewis quote about forgive

‘to be a Christian means to forgive the inexcusable, because God had forgiven the inexcusable in you’

Gerald Seymour

experienced television reporter who covered traumatic news such as Vietnam

said ‘one man’s terrorist is another man’s freedom fighter’

idea about how religion does not cause war but…

how they are put into practice or interpreted is the problem

Similarities between religion and communities are …

far greater, so we need to do that

Example of reilgious war and what is the neuance

Bosnian war

Could give background about how multi religion and as the cross road between West and Near East. Is it about religion or more about ethnicity

Christian Examples of Just war

Joshua brought down the walls of Jericho

Crusades - story of holy lance at Antioch

Dalai Lama

PLA annexed tibet, with a campaign starting in 1950

He refuse to fight back and is against violence, advocating for nonviolent resistance and dialogue for Tibetan autonomy.

Example of Chemical Warfare

Agent Orange in Vietnam

Desmond Doss

was a pacifist and a coincidences objector in WW2

He still fought but as a medic to save lives

Reverend Bohoeffer

was a German pastor that was a pacifist and helped Jews escape

He went to US but returned as he felt faith required action and suffering, and that Christians should stand with the oppressed, even at personal risk.