HOUSING AND ARCHITECTURE

high/low quality (eg: Most of the goods on offer are of very high quality)

chất lượng cao/thấp

durable (eg: The trays are made from cedar, which is light and durable.)

bền

demolish (eg: The building was completely demolished by fire.)

phá hủy

preservation efforts (eg: Preservation efforts continued well into the 20th century.)

những nỗ lực bảo tồn

pyramid (eg: The ancient Egyptians built stone pyramids as places to bury their kings and queens.)

kim tự tháp

renovate (eg: They spent the summer renovating the farmhouse.)

sửa chữa

dweller (eg: Apartment dwellers are still primarily couples and singles.)

cư dân

distinctive (eg:Each district of the city has its own distinctive character.)

riêng biệt, đặc biệt

iconic (eg: The Sydney Opera House is Australia’s most iconic building.)

mang tính biểu tượng

semi-detach house (eg: There is a large pond in the backyard of their semi-detached house.)

nhà liền kề

terraced houses (eg: Walk along the terraced houses and then turn left at the traffic light, the restaurant is on your right.)

dãy nhà liền kề

long-standing= time-honoured

lâu đời

spacious (eg: The hotel rooms are spacious and comfortable.)

rộng rãi

ideal (eg: The houses are absolutely ideal for families with young children.)

lí tưởng

fully-furnished (eg: A fully furnished house makes life more comfortable.)

đầy đủ tiện nghi

interior (eg: The original interior of the hotel has been replaced.)

nội thất

refurbish (eg: The theatre has been extensively refurbished.)

tân trang lại

derelict (eg: The mansion has been derelict for many years.)

bị bỏ hoang

solemn (eg: Inside the cathedral is a solemn hall for religious ceremonies.)

ttrang nghiêm

futuristic (eg: A futuristic car was on display at the auto show.)

đi trước thời đại , tân tiến

elegant (eg: She was looking for something cool and elegant to wear.)

trang nhã

ruin (eg: We visited the ruins of a Norman castle.)

tàn tích

marble (eg: The Taj Mahal is the most famous building in the world made from marble.)

đá cẩm thạch

a famous tourist destination (eg: Ha Long Bay is a famous tourist destination.)

địa điểm du lịch nổi tiếng

make strenuous efforts to (eg: The government is making strenuous efforts to preserve historic sites.)

cố gắng hết sức để lmj

national and worldwide reputation (eg: This destination has a national and worldwide reputation for a range of gothic style buildings.)

có tiếng trong và ngoài nước

fall into disrepair (eg: The station quickly fell into disrepair after it was closed.)

xuống cấp

be surrounded by (eg: My school is surrounded by a number of trees.)

bị bao quanh bởi

reinforced concrete (eg: By the 1920s the choice of reinforced concrete for major structures in earthquake zones was so common.)

bê tông kiên cố

pleasing geometric forms (eg: The walls in my bedroom are decorated with pleasing geometric forms.)

họa tiết hình học đẹp mắt

in the heart of (eg: Hoan Kiem Lake is located in the heart of Hanoi.)

trung tâm

observation deck (eg: I have never had a chance to come to the observation deck because of its high price.)

đài quan sát

play a key role (eg: This site once played a key role in the battle of Dien Bien Phu.)

đóng vai trò quan trọng

a mixture of the historical and modern buildings (eg: The first thing that comes to my mind is a developing metropolis with a mixture of the historical and modern buildings.)

sự hòa trộn của những tòa nhà mang kiến trúc lịch sử và hiện đại

go to rack and ruin (eg: They let the house go to rack and ruin.)

rơi vào tình trạng hư hỏng

live on campus (eg: I prefer living on campus because I could have the chance to make a lot of new friends there.)

sống trong kí túc xá

throw money down the drain (eg: I want to buy a house, so I’m not throwing money down the drain on rent every month.)

phung phí tiền

mod cons (eg: The kitchen is fully equipped with all mod cons including a dishwasher.)

những thiết bị cần thiết trong ngôi nhà

do up (eg: He makes money by buying old houses and doing them up.)

trang trí

be under construction (eg: Our new office is still under construction.)

đang được xây dựng

mirror past architecture standards (eg: Historic buildings mirror past architectural standards.)

phản chiếu những tiêu chuẩn kiến trúc trong quá khứ

a house-warming party (eg: I was invited to a house-warming party on Friday.)

tiệc tân gia

aesthetic taste (eg: David is an architect with great aesthetic taste who can draw fantastic plans.)

gu thẩm mĩ

downsize (eg: My wife and I want to downsize from a 6-bedroom home to a 2-bedroom home.)

giảm về quy mô

high-rise (eg: She lives in a high-rise overlooking the river.)

nhà cao tầng

detached house (eg: We’d love to buy one of the new detached houses being built near the lake but they’re out of our price range.)

nhà ở riêng lẻ

be out of price range (eg: We’d love to buy one of the new detached houses being built near the lake but they’re out of our price range.)

ra khỏ tầm mắt

townhouse (eg: Townhouses are popular with families as they often have extra bedrooms in the attic.)

nhà phố

bungalow (eg: Many people move to a bungalow when they retire so they don’t have to climb the stairs as they get older.)

nhà gỗ

fitted kitchen (eg: My new fitted kitchen has built-in appliances which make so much better use of the space.)

phòng bếp đã được trang trí

house-hunting (eg: We’ve been house-hunting for three months but can’t find anything that really suits us.)

tìm nhà

mortgage (eg: Julio was delighted when his mortgage application was accepted and he could go ahead with his house purchase.)

thế chấp

live on campus (eg: I like living on campus because I don’t have far to go to lectures or the student’s union bar.)

sống trong khuôn viên

traditional architectural styles (eg: They are constructing new houses in traditional architectural styles.)

phong cách kiến trúc truyền thống

reflect the culture of a society (eg: Those buildings in Beijing reflect the culture of a society.)

phản chiếu nền văn hoá của một xã hội

repairs and maintenance (eg: Old buildings in the historic site require regular repairs and maintenance.)

bảo trì và sửa chữa

energy-efficient homes (eg: Energy-efficient homes conserve energy, reduce unnecessary energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.)

những ngôi nhà sử dụng năng lượng hiệu quả

be in existence (eg: The cathedral has been in existence for nearly a century.)

tồn tại

in ruin (eg; Years of fighting have left the area in ruins.)

bị hủy hoại, tàn phá nghiêm trọng

historic building (eg; They are having a discussion on the restoration of historic buildings.)

công trình lịch sử

full-length windows (eg: The pleasant sunshine comes in through the full-length windows.)

cửa sổ sát sàn

dignified beauty (eg: Walking in the museum, I was impressed by its dignified beauty.)

vẻ đẹp trang nghiêm

be under threat (eg: An ancient religious custom is under threat.)

bị đe dọa

to be destroyed and replaced by (eg: The old hotel has been destroyed and replaced by a new theme park.)

bị phá hủy và thay thế bởi

the demolition of historic buildings (eg: The demolition of historic buildings raises a controversial topic.)

phá hủy những công trình lịch sử

own one’s own home (eg: It has been my dream to own my own home in a building complex before I turn 25.)

sở hữu ngôi nhà riêng của mình

reduce damage to (eg: Helmets are designed to reduce damage to the driver's head.)

làm giảm tổn hại

be an integral part of (eg: Music is an integral part of the school's curriculum.)

là 1 phần k thể thiếu

building with historic values (eg: There are buildings with historic values that require regular repairs and maintenance.)

công trình với nhiều giá trị lịch sử

multi-story housing estates (eg: We stop at an empty multi-story housing block, its windows smashed and boarded and insulation poking out through holes in the walls.)

khu nhà ở niều tầng

energy-intensive (eg: The increasing cost of oil is harming energy-intensive industries such as steel and shipbuilding.)

sử dụng nhiều năng lượng

trial and error (eg: There’s no instant way of finding a cure- it’s just a process of trial and error.)

phép thử và lỗi sai

physical (eg: All physical objects occupy space.)

vật thể

construction and administration (eg: Construction administration is a useful technique for making projects run more smoothly.)

quản lí xây dựng

be marked by (eg: Items which are marked with an asterisk can be omitted.)

được đánh dấu bởi

intricately carved (eg: Experts from a wide array of organizations are examining an intricately carved skull discovered in an antique shop in Vienna in 2011.)

được chạm khắc tinh xảo

attribute (eg: Self-confidence is a rare attribute in a 17-year-old)

thuộc tính

chill (eg: Let the pudding chill for an hour until set.)

làm lạnh, làm mát

pay an offbeat tribute to (eg: The crowd stood in silence to pay an offbeat tribute to those who had died in the war.)

thể hiện sự tôn vinh bất ngờ với

short-let accommodation

nhà thuê ngắn hạn

studio flat

căn hộ nhỏ, dành chô một người

off-road parking

khu đỗ xe riêng, không nằm trên đường

move into a house

chuyển vào nhà mới

fully furnished (accommodation/ house/flat)

trang bị đầy đủ nội thất

newly built (accommodation/house/flat)

tòa nhà mới xây

fully-fitted kitchen

nhà bếp đầy đủ tiện nghi

available to rent

sẵn sàng cho thuê

dream home

ngôi nhà mơ ước

add an extension

mở rộng, xây thêm phòng trong nhà

feel homesick

cảm thấy nhớ nhà

make yourself at home

tự nhiên như ở nhà

draughty

lạnh lẽo

cramped

chật chội

house-warming party

tiệc gia tân

take out a mortgage

vay thế chấp

affordable housing

nhà ở giá rẻ

dilapidated

cũ, xuống cấp