nu216final gi

What are the clinical manifestations of Peptic Ulcer Disease (P.U.D)?

Epigastric abdominal pain and pain between meals.

What are the primary differences between Crohn's disease and Ulcerative Colitis?

Crohn's affects any part of the GI tract and is transmural, while Colitis only affects the large intestine and is not transmural.

What are some common symptoms of Crohn's disease?

Diarrhea, abdominal pain, malabsorption, and hyperactive bowel sounds.

What key feature is present during the examination of Crohn's disease?

Skip lesions and cobblestones.

What complications can arise from Crohn's disease?

Anal fistula, anal fissure formation, and toxic megacolon.

What population is most affected by Ulcerative Colitis?

Peak age is 15-25 and 55-65.

What are pseudopolyps, and where are they found?

Pseudopolyps are found on examination of the colon in patients with Ulcerative Colitis.

What are the classic symptoms of Colitis?

Diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, and leukocytosis.

What is Cholecystitis?

Inflammation of the gallbladder, which can be acute or chronic.

What causes acute Cholecystitis most commonly?

Gallstones that are cholesterol-rich.

What is Murphy's sign in the context of gallbladder assessment?

Tenderness and quick inspiration with palpation of the RUQ.

What are some signs and symptoms of Cholecystitis?

Right shoulder pain, RUQ abdominal pain, anorexia, feeling of fullness, fever, and leukocytosis.

What type of pain may occur with Cholecystitis?

Spasmodic or colicky pain that is sudden and comes in waves.

What should NOT be given for pain management in Cholecystitis?

Morphine or codeine.

What medication is preferred for managing pain in Cholecystitis?

Only Dilaudid.

What is a common physical examination finding in Cholecystitis?

Tenderness in the RUQ upon palpation.

What lifestyle factors increase the risk of Cholecystitis?

Female, flatulent, fat, forty, fertile, family history, fasting, feeling full.

What type of GI inflammation features skip lesions?

Crohn's disease.

What does transmural mean in the context of Crohn's disease?

It means the inflammation affects the entire wall of the GI tract.

How does the inflammation pattern differ between Crohn's disease and Ulcerative Colitis?

Crohn's disease has skip lesions, while Ulcerative Colitis has continuous areas of inflammation.

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How does Colitis progress through the colon?

It begins in the rectum and moves upward.

What physical finding may be indicative of GB disease?

Pain in the right upper quadrant.

What is a key diagnostic feature of Cholecystitis on imaging?

Obstruction due to gallstones in the common bile duct.

What condition may the right shoulder pain indicate?

Cholecystitis.

List one reason why Ulcerative Colitis patients are monitored for cancer.

It can cause colon cancer.

What is leukocytosis?

An increase in white blood cell count, often indicative of inflammation or infection.

What symptom may indicate a complication of Crohn’s involving the colon?

Toxic megacolon.

What do 'skip lesions' refer to in the context of Crohn’s disease?

Areas of disease interspersed with healthy tissue.

risk factors for Cholecystitis?

Being female, overweight, or having a family history.