Periodic Table Review

Flashcards for Periodic Table Review

Atomic Number

The arrangement of elements on the periodic table.

Groups

Vertical columns on the periodic table.

Periods

Horizontal rows on the periodic table.

Group (Family)

Elements that have the same number of valence electrons and similar characteristics.

Metalloids

Elements that exhibit properties of both metals and nonmetals (B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te).

Positive Ions

Metals losing all valence electrons.

Physical Properties of Metals

Properties of metals. Malleable and ductile

Conductivity of Metals

Metals conduct heat and electricity.

Ionization Energy and Electronegativity of Metals

Metals have low ionization energy and low electronegativity.

Transition Metals 3-12

Typically form compounds with color and often have multiple oxidation states.

Diatomic Elements

Diatomic elements - HOFBrINCl form two atoms bonded together in nature.

Allotropes

Different forms of the same element (e.g., Ozone/Oxygen, Graphite/Charcoal/Diamond).

Ionization Energy

Amount of energy needed to remove the outermost electron from an atom.

Electronegativity

The attraction an atom has for electrons in a bond.

Metallic Reactivity Trend

Reactivity of metals increases down a group.

Nonmetallic Reactivity Trend

Reactivity of nonmetals decreases down a group.

Halogens

Group 17 elements that are very reactive and not found free in nature.

Metals and Ion Formation

Metals lose electrons, form positive ions and get smaller in size (radius).

Nonmetals and Ion Formation

Nonmetals gain electrons, form negative ions and get larger in size (radius).