HAP Brain Quiz

Meninges

membrane layer located between bone & soft tissue of the NS (brain)

Dura Mater (layer of meninges)

the thick, outermost membrane w/ blood vessels protecting and providing structural support to the brain and spinal cord

Arachnoid (layer of meninges)

no blood vesicles, middle mem, keeps the brain in place

Pia Mater (layer of meninges)

innermost membrane, contains nerves & blood vesicles to nourish cells

Subdura hematoma

Brain injury that causes tissues to bleed & cause pressure

spinal tap

medical professionals insert a needle into the subarachnoid space of the lower lumbar spine, usually between L3/L4 or L4/L5 to collect and test CSF for proteins, cells, & bacteria

Cerebum

large wrinkly part off the brain (cerebral cortex) for higher mental functions + solving problems

Cerebellum

for balance and coordination (has Arbor Vitae- white matter)

brain stem

regulates visceral functions (controls involuntary functions and homeostasis_

Cerebral Hemispheres

right and left sides separated by corpus callosum

corpus callosum

White matter that separates the left and right hemispheres

convolutions of the brain

wrinkles and grooves of the brain

Fissures (convolution of the brain)

deep grooves that separate the lobes of the brain

longitudinal fissures

separate the right and left hemisphere

Lateral Fissures

Separates temporal and parietal lobe (not as deep, can be seen)

transverse Fissures

separates occipital ad cerebellum (can be seen)

sulcus (convolution of the brain)

shallow groove

Gyrus

A ridge/fold between two clefs on the cerebral surface of the brain

frontal lobe

executive function, thinking, planning behavioral control

motor cortex

Control movement

Sensory Cortex

process sensations (physical)

Parietal lobe

processes perception, arithmetic, and spelling

occipital lobe

processes vision

Temporal lobe

memory, understanding, language

Ventricles

cavities that are filled w/ fluid & CSF

Limbic System

Hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala = plays a role in emotion

What is in Diencephalon?

Hypothalamus, thalamus (subthalamus, epithalamus)

Hypothalamus

maintains homeostasis, control hormones, heart rate, temp, ect

thalamus

relay station for sensory and motor signals

hippocampus

Formation of memories

amygdala

Storage of memories associated with emotional events

Optic Tract/Chiasm

were the optic nerves cross over eachother

brain stem

midbrain,pons,medulla

midbrain

Visual reflexes, eye movements

Pons

bridge for motor and sensory information to pass between the forebrain and cerebellum

Medulla

Regulates heart rate, respiration, blood pressure

pituitary glad

Master gland of endocrine system controlling hormones

Ascending tract of spinal cord

Receiving sensory info form body (senses and body position)

descending tract of spinal cord

sending motor commands to body