Unit 2 Fashion Design

What is the difference between cellulosic and non-cellulosic fibers?

Cellulosic means 'derived from plants.’ Non-cellulosic fibers include proteins, but they are typically used as a synonym for ‘synthetic'.’

Durability

The strength of the weave, how long does it last under friction?

Resilience

How do the fibers hold up when faced with stress? (EX: recoil, water damage, fire damage)

Elasticity

How the fiber stretches (ex: gives, takes, bounce back)

Yarn

The ‘building block of all weaves'; a tiny thread made to be weaved into fabric

What are non-cellulosic fibers made from?

Non-cellulosic—or synthetic— fibers are made from plastics (petroleum/oil products)

Pilling

Pilling is what happens when fibers are exposed to abrasion and become compromised, creating balls of yarn on the surface of the fabric. *this can only occur on synthetic fabrics/ synthetic blends

PLA Fibers

A word for manmade fibers, specifically referencing those that are machine-made by squeezing plastic through a very small tube.

Selvage

The raw edge of the fabric where it was woven on the machine.

Grain

The direction that the fibers are woven in

What are the characteristics of a satin weave?

shiny, smooth, delicate, many exposed fibers (Pattern: 4 over one)

Dyeing vs. Printing

Dyeing: Dyes on multiple levels—either yarn, fabric, or garment level— colors the whole garment

Printing: Adds a design or color to one side of the fabric, often with the use of stamps

What are the characteristics of a twill weave?

Typically used in denim, durable, has weight (Pattern: An offset step pattern)

What are the differences between Permanent and Non-Permanent finishes?

Permanent finishes are permanent. (Ex: Dye, bleach, acid wash)

Non-Permanent finishes are temporary. (Ex: Starches, non-static spray).

Abrasion

Friction against fibers

Texture

The look/feel of a fabric. (Ex: layering, smooth, course, soft).

Hand

How the fabric would feel in your hands. (Ex: Structure, form-fitted, thick, thin).

Weight

How the fabric hangs on the body

Gray Goods

Gray Goods are fabrics or yarns without alterations, in it’s natural color and form.

Woven vs. Non-Woven Fabrics

Woven: stronger, has a grain, much neater

Non-Woven: typically pressed together with glue, less stable, no grain, chemically treated

What are the main characteristics of Silk?

Smooth, shiny, strong, dries quickly, shows waterspots, has to be ironed at low temperatures

What are the main characteristics of Cotton?

strong, durable, soft, absorbs moisture, breathes well, washes easily, very common, mildews, wrinkles easily, burns rapidly, shrinks

What are the main characteristics of Wool?

Protein-based fiber, warm, durable, heavy, absorbent, resilient, resists wrinkling, fire-retardent, shrinks, absorbs odors, vulnerable to insects

What are the main characteristics of Nylon?

very strong, used in sportswear and raincoats, low absorbency, light, resists wrinkling

What are the main characteristics of Satin?

smooth, shiny, delicate, light-weight, prone to snags

What are the main characteristics of Denim?

durable, twill weave, breathable, can be ironed at high temperatures, stiff, easily creases

What are the main characteristics of Felt?

absorbent, moisture-wicking, non-woven, rigid, can shrink over time, coarse