OZONE STORY - OCR B A-LEVEL CHEMISTRY.

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Chemistry

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20 Terms

1
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what is electronegativity
is a measure of the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond to itself
2
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explain the qualitative trends of electronegativity in the periodic table
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3
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use of relative electronegativity values to predict bond polarity in a covalent bond;
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4
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relation of overall polarity of a molecule to its shape and the polarity of its individual bonds
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5
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what is an instantaneous dipole-induced dipole?
when an instantaneous dipole induces a dipole disturbing the electron arrangement in the non polar species.
6
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explain dependence on branching and chain length of organic molecules and Mr)
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7
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what is the weakest type of intermolecular bonding
instantaneous dipole-induced dipole
8
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what is permanent dipole-permanent dipole?
a permanent dipole is polar e.g hydrogen chloride. H-CL - H-CL, this is a permanent dipole-permanent dipole bond. stronger than instantaneous dipole-induced dipole bonding.
9
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describe the formation of hydrogen bonds
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10
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hydrogen bonding in ice
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11
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hydrogen bonding in water
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12
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describe the boiling points of the halogens
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13
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what is activation enthalpy
the minimum amount of kinetic energy needed between two particles before a reaction will occur
14
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what is an enthalpy profile
useful for picturing what energy changes are happening throughout the reaction, the highest point on the pathway corresponds to the transition state.
useful for picturing what energy changes are happening throughout the reaction, the highest point on the pathway corresponds to the transition state.
15
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The effect of concentration and pressure on the rate of a reaction explained in terms of the collision theory
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16
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use of the concept of activation enthalpy and the Boltzmann distribution to explain the qualitative effect of temperature changes and catalysts on rate of reaction; techniques and procedures
for experiments in reaction kinetics including plotting graphs to follow the course of a reaction
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17
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the role of catalysts in providing alternative routes of lower activation enthalpy
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18
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what is a homogenous catalyst
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19
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describe the formation of intermediates
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20
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calculations, from given data, of values for composition by volume of a component in a gas mixture measured in percentage concentration and in parts per million (ppm)
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