bio 30 chp 14: ears and eyes

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21 Terms

1

sensory adaptation and example

-sensory receptors/neurons adjust to stimulus in the environment

-neurons cease to fire even though stimulus is present

ex: wearing clothes

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2

taste- detects __ chemicals

dissolved

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3

smell- detects ___ chemicals

airborne

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4

sclera

outmost layer

eye shape

protection

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5

cornea

window to bend light towards pupil

clear cells layer

need oxygen from tearsand nutrients from the aqueous humor.

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6

choroid layer

middle layer

pigmented to prevent light from scattering

blood vessels

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7

iris

allows light into the eye

thin muscle

controls size of pupils

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8

lens

focuses image onto retina

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9

ciliary muscles

attach to ligaments in lens to alter shape

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10

retina

innermost layer

rods and cones

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11

rods

black n white

sensitive to light

see in dark

low definition

periphereal vision

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12

cones

colour sensitive (red blue green)

high definition,

see in bright light

low sensitivity to light'

concentrated in Fovea Centralis

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13

fovea centralis

most sensitive

small depression

most cones

rods on perimeter

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14

blind spot

optic nerve and blood vessels connecting to eye

no room for photoreceptors

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15

cataracts + solution

lens becomes opaque

prevent light from passing through, leading to blurred vision.

solution: remove lens, strong eyeglasses

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16

glaucoma

buildup of aqueous humour in eye

blocked drainage duct ==> retinal cells die from pressure

vision loss

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17

astigmatism

lens or cornea irregular shaped

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18

colourblindness

lack certain cones

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19

2 parts of the outer ear + functions

pinna: funnel sound to canal

auditory canal: funnel sound to ear drum, ear wax

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20

middle ear 3 parts + function

  • air filled; sound travels through solid bone

ossicles: amplify +passes sound from eardrum to oval window

Eustachian tube: lets air pressure equalize

tympanic membrane/eardrum : separate outer ear from middle ear

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21
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