Conductors and Insulators

Copper

Element which is the most commonly used conductor

29

Atomic number of copper

1s²2s²2p^6.3s²3p^6.3d^10.4s^1

Electronic configuration of the copper element

Conduction electrons

The wandering electrons or the free electrons when the electricity flows

Insulators

They are made up from the materials that lack conduction electrons. In them charge only flows with the great difficulty if at all.

move, indefinitely

Even if the excess charge is added to an insulating material, it cannot ____, remaining ____________ in place

instantly flow, mutual repulsion, charges, excess charge, forces

Any excess charge placed on a conductor would ______________ away due to ________________ from existing _______ leaving no _____________ around to create ______.

electric forces, long periods

Charges cannot flow along or through an insulator, so its _______________ remain for ____________ of time.

Charge distribution

Concept to describe how the positive and negative charges are spread out in a conductor.

Inducing polarization

Creation of charge distribution in such a way that one side of the conducting object only has one type of charge and the other side of the object only has that type of charge.

Polarization

The resulting separation of positive and negative charge.

Electric dipole

The result of electric polarization on the the conductor object

Two ends

What does dipole means in Latin?

Repulsion, weaker, attraction, electrostatic, decrease, distance

_________ of like charges is ______ than the __________ of the unlike charges, because the _____________ forces ________ with the increasing ________.

Water

Example of a Polar Molecule.

Polar molecules

The type of molecules that have a natural or inherent separation of charge, although they are neutral over all.

charged objects, greater, naturally uniform charge

Polar molecules are particularly affected by other _______________ and show _______ polarization effects than molecules with ________________________ distributions.

Charging by induction

Method where two neutral conducting objects are in contact with each other, but a positively charged rod is brought near them

Resulting in one sphere being completely positively charged and other sphere being completely negatively charged.

Grounding

Alternative to the method of charging by induction

The object is grounded

What does “running a conducting wire from the object to the ground” means

Earth, good conductor

_____ is the grounding source because most of the ground is a ______________.

supplies, accepts

Grounding source ________ or _______ excess charge easily.