6 - Prescribing in ABI

The threshold for prescribing may be _____ because of ____ ____ post-TBI

lower, poor inhibition

Derive the amount of prism to prescribe from the _____ ____ and have the patient ____ ____ with the trial frame

fixation disparity, walk around

What could be used for photosensitivity?

AR coatings, photochromatic lenses

What could be used for motion sensitivity?

binasal occlusion

Binasal occlusion is theorized to ____ _____ ____ ____ and has been found to improve ____ ___ in patients with TBI

reduce overlapping VF detail, VEP amplitudes

Fusion ____ ____ be possible post-TBI

may not

Consider occlusion to ___ as much ____ as possible

retain, FOV

____ ____ post-TBI is common

accommodative spasm

If you suspect a myopic shift, _____!

cycloplege

For pseudomyopia you may need to prescribe _____

minus

Consider _____ _____ for a few weeks as treatment for pseudomyopia. Taper off while concurrently starting ____ ____ and ____ exercises

1% Atropine, VT facility, awareness

Those with severe pseudomyopia were more likely to have continued _____

Atropine

Assessment and treatment post-TBI suffer from a ____ ____ ____

lack of standardization

Oculography post-concussion found that ___ led to a normal _____ response

VT, vergence

fMRI studies found _____ functional activity in the brain following VT

increased

fMRI studies found increased activity in the ____ ____ ____, ___, and the ____ ____ in symptomatic CI patients

right cuneous gyrus, V2, oculomotor vermis

The right cuneous gyrus is responsible for ____-____ changes

fast-fusional

fMRI studies found increased activity in the ____ ____ ____ in symptomatic CI patients

medial cuneous gyrus

The medial cuneous gyrus is responsible for ____-____ changes

slow-fusional

CI patients are having activation in _____ _____ of the brain that normal patients do not have

activation centers

Following VT, patients have increased activity in the ____ ____  and decreased activity in the _____ ____

visual cortex, attention centers

____ of patients with CI has success with VT and ____ of patients with CI improved

85%, 15%

____ of patients with AI has success with VT and ____ of patients with AI improved

33%, 67%

____ of patients with saccadic dysfunction has success with VT and ____ of patients with saccadic dysfunction improved

83%, 5%

Start VT ____ with easy activities and short _____. Check in on ____ often!

slow, duration, symptoms

Visual recovery should occur in a ____ period of time, usually about ____ ___ to a ___ ____ ____

short, 15 minutes, couple of hours

T or F: learning patient triggers is an excellent first step to starting VT

true

____ ____ are pursuit movements following a target held by the patient

eye stretches

The goal of eye stretches is to keep the object clear, increase pace, moving as _____ into each ____ as possible

far, gaze

Begin eye stretches ___ working towards ____. Also begin _____ working towards vertical/diagonal/ circular.

monocular, binocular, horizontal

Can work on ____ by incorporating head movements with a stable target

VOR

You can progress in VOR activities by using _____ targets with head movements in the ____ direction

moving, opposite

Triggering the ____ may cause signficant symptoms, consider trial in the _____ field 

OKN, central

_____ is theorized to be impaired when it comes to peripheral awareness, leading to poor processing of ____ ____

V6, optic flow

Thumb rotations, McDonald card, spatial fixator, chalkboard circles, and peripheral eye-hand exercises are all examples of ?

peripheral awareness exercises

Integrate ___ ___ in central activities

peripheral motion

When training accommodation/vergence emphasize ______

somatization

What are activities to emphasize awareness of accommodation?

lens sorting/clearing, mental minus