Helminthology

Cestodes

Ligula intestinalis

parasitic castration in fish

Schistocephalus solidus

ideal model for studying the mechanism of infection-induced behavioral modification

Spirometra spp.

Zipper worm

Scolex

term used for the head, which may be simple or provided with suckers, grooves, hooks & spines.

Rostellum

a mobile & often retractable structure in the anterior part of scolex.

Neck

the unsegmented portion after the head where growth occurs.

Strobila

the entire segmented body of the tapeworm.

Proglottid

refers to a segment of a tapeworm

Craspedote

tapeworm with strobila where a proglottid overlaps the following or the next one.

Acraspedote

tapeworm with segments that do not overlap each other.

Tetrathyridium

Mesocestoides lineatus

Cysticercoid

Dipylidium caninum.

Cysticercus

Taenia saginata

Strobilocercus

Taenia taeniaformis

Coenurus -

Mammalian tapeworms

Taenia multiceps.

Hydatid or echinococcus cyst

Echinococcus

4 embryonic envelops of an oncosphere

1. Egg capsule

2. Outer membrane

3. Embryophore

4. Oncospheral membrane

Neurocysticercosis

manifested by headache, endocranial hypertension, seizures, mental alteration, hemiparesis, and intracranial calcification

4 notable species of veterinary importance

• Echinococcus granulosus- dwarf dog tapeworm; smallest tapeworm of medical importance

• E. multilocularis- CN: dwarf fox tapeworm

• E. oligarthus

• E. vogelli

3 types of hydatid cyst

1. Unilocular

2. Osseous

3. Alveolar

Alveolar Hydatid Cyst

spherical with a laminated membrane and is walled off from the surrounding tissue by a fibrous adventitia and fluid is present

Osseous Hydatid Cyst

Fibrous capsule and cuticle are absent and the naked excrescences penetrate the bone cavity and assume its shape; no production of scolices; and no fluid

Alveolar Hydatid Cyst

large number of cuticularized vesicle; usually sterile but occasionally it contains brood capsule and scolices; but no fluid