Ch 17 Duplex Ultrasound Imaging of the Lower Extremity Venous System

Which category of veins are the main conduit for blood, are surrounded by muscle, and have an accompanying artery

deep veins

What is the main function of the superficial veins?

A. assist with temperature regulation

B. supply blood to the legs

C. connect deep to other deep veins

D. drain the soleal veins

A. assist with temperature regulation

3. In which way do valves in perforating veins ensure that blood moves, under normal conditions?

A. to keep the blood in superficial system

B. from the superficial to the deep system

C. from the deep to the superficial system

D. dissipate around the perforator

B. from the superficial to the deep system

From epidemiologic studies, what percentage of patients develp postthrombotic symptoms

30%

Which limb of Virchows triad is demonstrated by a venous thrombus that starts at a valve cusp

stasis

A patient presents to the vascular lab for lower extremity venous evaluation. The patient has known Factor V Leiden genetic factor. Under what risk factor of Virchows triad does this patient fall

hypercoagulability

Many patients with venous thrombosis are asymptomatic; however, when symptoms occurs, what are some of the most common

extremity pain, tenderness, and swelling

What would a high probability for DVT correspond to on Wells score

>3 points

When can a false-negative D-dimer be seen in the presence of DVT

Assay cannot detect low levels of fibrin

For routine operation of a vascular lab, the use of a high-frequency linear transducer (10 to 18 MHz) is recommended for the evaluation of which of the following

superficial vein reflux

Why will using a reverse Trendelenburg position to examine the lower extremity venous system make the exam more difficult

Veins without thrombus will be harder to compress

What is the primary method used to determine the presence of thrombus in the extremity veins

transducer compression of the veins

Which of the following is NOT a normal qualitative Doppler feature evaluated in the lower extremity venous system

continuity of signal

14. Which of the following large deep veins are commonly bifid?

A. profundal and popliteal

B. common iliac and greater saphenous

C. common femoral and common iliac

D. femoral and popliteal

D. the femoral and popliteal

Which veins are one of the major blood reservoirs located in the calf

the soleal veins

What do bright intraluminal echoes and well-attached thrombus suggest?

A. too much gain

B. acute thrombus

C. risk of embolization

D. chronic thrombus

D. chronic thrombosis

In what case will indirect assessment of the iliac veins and IVC using Doppler at the common femoral veins suggest evidence of obstruction

The Doppler spectrum exhibits continuity

During a lower extremity venous duplex examination, a thin, white structure is noticed moving freely in the lumen of the vein. What does this most likely represent

Valve leaflet

Which of the following is a normal response to venous flow with a Valsalva maneuver

cessation of flow

A patient presents to the vascular lab with sudden onset of left lower extremity pain and swelling. Upon duplex examination lightly echogenic material is noted within a dilated femoral vein and the femoral vein does not compress with applied transducer pressure. What do these findings suggest.

acute deep venous thrombosis

Which vessels are NOT routinely evaluated in a lower extremity venous duplex examination

anterior tibial veins

When a patient presents with right heart failure, what impact is often observed in the spectral Doppler waveform in the lower extremities

decreased phasicity

A patient presents to the emergency department with a massively swollen right lower extremity which is extremely painful and bluish in color. What do these findings suggest

phlegmasia cerulen dolens

Which treatment option is typically reserved for emergent situations in larger veins of the iliofemoral region

thrombolysis

What is the primary treatment of acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis

anticoagulation