Research Methodologies in Psychology

A set of flashcards covering key concepts from the research methodologies in psychology, including definitions and characteristics of different research methods.

Archival Studies

Research method that analyzes materials gathered for other purposes to observe patterns.

Naturalistic Observation

Research method that involves observing subjects in their natural environment without intervention.

Surveys

Common research methodology that collects information through direct questioning of participants.

Quantitative Research

Research that results in numerical data, allowing for statistical analysis.

Qualitative Research

Research that produces non-numerical data, focusing on themes and patterns from participants' responses.

Reactivity

Occurs when subjects alter their behavior because they know they are being observed.

Participant Observation

A method where researchers immerse themselves in the environment of the subjects they are studying.

Quasi Experiments

Research comparing pre-existing groups when random assignment is not possible.

True Experiments

Research designs involving random assignment to conditions, allowing for cause-and-effect conclusions.

Independent Variable

The variable that is manipulated or changed during an experiment to observe its effects.

Dependent Variable

The outcome or response that is measured in an experiment and is expected to change as a result of the independent variable.

Confounding Variables

External influences that can affect the dependent variable outcomes, complicating the interpretation of results.