Exam 3 Ch 13

Retrograde Amnesia

Forgetting everything before the damage.

Anterograde Amnesia

Inability to form new long-term declarative memories after damage.

Hippocampus

Region important for declarative long-term memory, located in the medial temporal lobe.

Declarative Memory

Memories that can be consciously declared to others.

Somatic Memory

A type of declarative memory related to facts and general knowledge.

Episodic Memory

A type of declarative memory related to personal experiences and events.

Non-declarative Memory

Memories that cannot be consciously declared.

Delayed Non-Matching-To-Sample Task

An object recognition test used on monkeys to assess memory by requiring identification of an unfamiliar object.

Patient NA

Had damage to the dorsomedial thalamus and mammillary bodies, resulting in anterograde amnesia.

Korsakoff’s Syndrome

A degenerative disease affecting memory, with damage to the mammillary bodies and dorsomedial thalamus, but not the hippocampus.

Patient KC

Had damage leading to the inability to retrieve episodic memories while still being able to retrieve semantic memories.

Skill Learning

The process of learning to perform a challenging task through practice, not reliant on the medial temporal lobe.

Basal Ganglia

Brain region important for sensorimotor, perceptual, and cognitive skills.

Priming

Exposure to a stimulus that influences a subsequent response to the same or a similar stimulus.

Associative Learning

The formation of an association between two stimuli or a stimulus and a response.

Classical Conditioning

The process of making a neutral stimulus predict an event, involving the amygdala and cerebellum.

Operant Conditioning

A type of associative learning where an animal connects its behavior to a consequence. involving amygdala and cerebellum

Place Cells

Neurons in the hippocampus that fire when located in a specific location.

Neuroplasticity

Changes in the structure or function of synapses in response to experience.

Environmental Enrichment

A good environment that leads to thicker cortex, more dendritic branches, and larger synapses.

Hebbian Synapse

A synaptic connection that strengthens when presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons are activated together.