Connective and Nervous Tissue (Anatomy and Physiology)

Areolar Connective Tissue

contains COLLAGEN fibers, ELASTIC fibers, and FIBROBLASTS

• helps bind other tissues together and part of the INFLAMMATORY response

Areolar Connective Tissue is found between _______ and ___________.

skin, muscle

Adipose

contains LIPID STORAGE CELLS called ADIPOCYTES

• stores ENERGY, ABSORBS shock, and provides INSULATION

Adipose is found in the _________, covering the __________ and ___________. 

bottom layer of the skin, abdomen, and heart

Reticular tissue

contains RETICULAR BLOOD FIBERS that hold blood cells in place

• stores both white and red blood cells

Reticular tissue is found in the _______, _____________, and ________________

spleen, bone marrow, and lymph nodes

Dense regular

• tissue made mostly of COLLAGEN FIBERS with a FEW fibroblasts 

• provides connection between tissue that resist tension 

Dense regular is found in _________ and __________. 

ligaments, tendons 

Blood 

a type of FLUID connective tissue made of PLASMA, PLATELETS, RED, and WHITE BLOOD CELLS 

• transports oxygen and nutrients around the body/ carries O2 

Blood is found within __________.

blood vessels

Cartilage

contains a matrix of PROTEINS and CHRONDROCYTES within small pits called lacunae

Lacunae

small pits (usually appearing white) that surround cells such as chondrocytes

Hyaline Cartilage 

a matrix with a GLOSSY, SMOOTH, appearance 

• provides smooth surface and FLEXIBLE CONNECTION between tissues

Hyaline cartilage can be found in the ______ and _______.

respiratory tract, end of bones

Elastic cartilage

has a matrix with many ELASTIC FIBERS

• withstand repetitive bending/manipulation, while maintaining original shape 

Elastic cartilage can be found in the ____________. 

external ear 

Fibrocartilage

has FEWER cells and a matrix dense with COLLAGEN FIBERS

• Highly RESISTANT to stretching and compression

Fibrocartilage can be found in ____________ and _____________.

Vertebral discs, pelvic cartilage

Bone 

type of connective tissue that also has cells within LACUNAE

• matrix has calcium phosphate 

Bone is arranged in circular layers called __________.

lamellae

Bone helps provide ___________, ____________, and helps in ________________. They also have ________

structure, support, movement; osteoblast

Parts of connective tissue include a _________ and have names that end in ___________ or ___________. They help build shape and maintain connective tissue 

nuclei, -cyte, -blast 

4 different fibers in connective tissue 

collagen fibers, elastic fibers, reticular fibers, ground substance 

Collagen fibers 

the THICKEST and STRONGEST fibers

Elastic fibers

THIN and STRETCHY fibers

Reticular fibers

THIN and CROSSLINKED

Ground substance

CLEAR, gel-like substance

Nervous tissue

cells that help transport electrical impulses to and from the brain - -contains long branched neurons and smaller neuroglia

Nervous tissue is mostly found in the __________ and ___________.

brain, spinal cord 

Axon

long tail that extends from the neuron body, this transports electrical signals AWAY (A FOR AWAY!) from cell body to other neurons (muscles or glands) through a synapse

Myelin Sheath

this part wraps the axon and helps WRAP and SUPPORT the axon

• maintains/ facilitates “ACTION POTENTIAL” 

MS (Multiple Scelorsis)

autoimmune disease where myelin sheath is inflammed/irritated and body attacks myelin sheath

• symptoms: loss in movement, weakness, fatigue blurred vision, emotional issues (depression, anxiety, etc.)

Dendrites 

RECIEVES and PROCESS signals from other neurons

• determine if neuron should send and electrical impulse

Synapse

the gap between two neurons where the gap allows for transmission of a signal

lymphocyte (white blood cells)

are IMMUNE CELLS that kill infected cells and produce antibodies

adipocyte

a large vesicle that STORES FAT as clear oil

erythrocytes

red blood cells that transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

chondrocytes

build the extracellular matrix of cartilage (found in small cavities called lacunae)

osteocyte 

build and shape mineralized bone tissue (also found in lacunae) 

__________ also help produce proteins in extracellular matrix but are NOT FOUND in cartilage.

Fibroblasts

Function of Connective Tissues

• PROTECTION - hard coverings for delicate organs

• ENERGY STORAGE - glycogen and triglycerides are kept in connective tissue

• TRANSPORTATION - moves material around the body through lymph and blood

Organs

collection of tissues to form a common function

What structures help transport blood?

Arteries and veins