old testament final study guide

Source criticism

Analyzes texts while looking at other texts the author wrote

Literary criticism

Analyzes structures and character of a text

Biblical criticism

Another name for biblical exegesis

Historical criticism

Examines history of a text and the history in the text

Textual criticism

Deals with writing itself using authentic translations

J

Refers to god as Yahweh, close relationship to god

E

Elohim, god is keenly and orderly distant

D

First 4 books of Torah into a single book

P

Concerned with temple rituals and priesthood

A

Not one of the editors

Cain and Abel

Brother jealousy that ends in murder

Concupiscence

The human condition based on the second creation story

Steps in writing the Bible

1–oral tradition 2-written down 3-edited what was written 4-set a canon

Why god rested on the 7th day

To show importance of keeping the sabbath

Purpose of creation accounts

1-to explain how things came to be 2-why is there evil in the world 3-that god creates out of order and law

Myth

Story through which people interpret their world

Adam and Eve

Story of the relationship with god that. Results in guilt and blame

Ishmael

Son of Abraham and Hagar, kicked out by Sarah, cousin to the Muslims

Issac

Name means laughter, dad almost sacrifices him

Levi

Descendants beCame the priests, priests could not hold land

Jacob

“Heel grabber” had twin names Esau, name changes to Israel

Abraham

Marries Sarai, had a son and when Sarah died he marries keturah

Father of biblical faith

Abraham

Birthright and blessing

Double portion of wealth to firstborn

Salvation history

Story of gods actions and how they work in human history

Testing of Abraham’s faith

Obedience was crucial, Abraham showed this

Theophany

Appearance of god to humans

What carried into the desert

1-what they could carry 2-bones of Joseph 3-gold

Passover theme

Freedom

Moses resisting gods call

Resists 5 times

True about Moses

1-Egyptian prince 2-knows is an Israelite 3-kills a man 4-marries and becomes shepherd

Purpose of the plagues

Show how powerful god is

Final plague

Death of the firstborn

Sinai covenant

Also known as Mosaic covenant, sign i 10 commandments

Yam such

Hebrew for name of the water that Moses parted “sea of reeds”

Unleavened bread in Eucharist

Jewish custom of unleavened bread at Passover

Where are the 10 commandments

Exodus and deuteronomy

I test of the 4th commandment

Adults should protect their elderly parents

Idol of the golden calf

Made by Aaron, breaks 1st commandment

Ark of the covenant

Holds 10 commandments

Decalogue

Fancy word for 10 commandments

Samson

Great strength due to long hair

Gideon

Conquered the media ties with 300 men

Deborah

Given credit for battle because Barak wouldn’t face the batter without her

Ehud

Left handed, killed the king of Moab

Jephthah

Makes foolish vow to god, daughter is sacrificed

King rehoboam

Southern kingdom of Judah after the split

King jeroboam

Northern kingdom of Israel after the split

King David

Kills Goliath of Garth

King Saul

Least successful, kills himself

King Solomon

Wisest king

First king

Saul is the first king

Built the temple

Solomon built

Ban

Destroy everything to conquer and take nothing for your own

Sanctuary

City/country of refuge to protect people

Jericho

Attacked on the 7th day, priests led the arc, blew horns and the walls collapsed

Ruth

Shows god creates blessings from all difficulties, David’s grandma, tolerance of all nations

Prophets

Called by god to be the conscience of Israel and Judah

Main message of the prophets

Turn back to god for forgiveness

Major vs minor prophets difference

Length of writing

Role of a prophet

Reminds the people that god is king

Isaiah future king

He will be born of a young woman and will be named Emmanuel, will be the greatest king, will lead us to a time of peace

Micah’s quotation

To do justice and love kindness and walk humbly with god

Walked through Jerusalem with a yolk around his neck like the sins of the people

Jeremiah

Ezekiel’s vision

Bright light of a chariot drawn by 4 winged creatures

Universalism

New heaven adn earth will come and the world will worship the world

Proto-Isaiah

Isaiah of Jerusalem

Hosea analogy of god and Israel

Husband and wife

Hosea’s wife

Gomer, prostitute

Babylonian exile

Deported, temple destroyed, all hope seemed gone, thought they would die an alien lost forever

Capital of northern kingdom

Samaria

Amos’ topic

Social justice

To whom are the psalms attributed

David

How do we achieve happiness according to the sages

Obedience to the divinely established moral order

To whom are the wisdom books attributed

Solomon

Tehillim

Hebrew for praises

Psalter

Book of psalms

How many psalms are there

150

Song of Songs

Collection of love poems perhaps wedding songs

Most recent Old Testament book

Wisdom of Solomon

Quoheleth

Preacher

Collection of practical wisdom

Proverbs

Sophia

Greek word for wisdom

Technical skill

Craftsmanship or construction

Goal of the sages

Inspire moral integrity

Job message

We cannot fully understand the ways of god

What is a sage

A wise teacher

Beliefs of second maccabees

To offer prayers for the dead, resurrection, intercession of saints

Who conquered the Persian empire

Alexander the Great

Themes in apocalyptic literature

End of times, appearance of messiah, final judgement, resurrection

Priest who led Judah after exile

Ezra

Governor who led Judah after exile

Zerubbabel

Diaspora

Jews in Babylon after the exile

Nehemiah and intermarriage

Thought that it would weaken people’s religious commitment, and divide loyalties

Book with satirical humor

Jonah

Use of Greek in OT

Due to occupation by foreign powers, many Jews did not know Hebrew

Major events of restoration

Temple rebuilt, walls of Jerusalem rebuilt, mosaic covenant renewed with fervor

Apocalypse

Revelation of future events

Who conquered the Babylonians

Persians

Queen who saves Jews in Persia

Esther