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skin pigment
caused by the interaction of the pigments in epidermis and blood flow in the dermis
2 types of pigments
carotene: orange, yellow
melanin: brown, yellow, brown, and black
melanocytes
cells that produce melanin
the amount of pigment influences what?
the skin color not the number of melanocytes
fingerprints:
epidermal ridges:
projection of the stratum basale into the dermis that increase surface are between layers.
contours on the skin surface follow what?
the pattern = fingerprint
dermal papillae
dermal projections that are in between the dermal ridges.
structures of the dermis:
sebaceous gland:
associated with hair follicle
secretes oily substance: sebum
lubricates hair
blocked = acne
* any hair you have oil secretes
sweat glands (sudoriferous gland):
produces water and salts
flush epidermal surface
merocrine glands:
most common
secretion is mostly water with solutes
cools body down, responds to temperature
apocrine
develops scent as bacteria metabolize secretion
stimulated with frightened, during pain, or during emotional distress
found in genital area and axillae (arm pit)
strongly influences by hormones
sensory structures of dermis:
touch/pressure:
pacinian corpuscles/meisner’s corpuscles
temperature/pain:
free nerve endings