Earth Science Final Notes

what does vesticular mean?

the rock has lots of small holes or air bubbles

what does mafic mean

it is made of magnesium and iron and is dark in colour

what is felstic

made of aluminum and silicon and light in colour

is magma in the ground or out

in the ground

is lava in the ground or out

out

what is physical weathering

when something breaks into smalller peices without altering its chemical structure

what is chemimcal weathering

changes in the rocks mineral composition

3 agents of erosin

water, wind, ice

what is deposition

the setteling of minerals after being moved

what is clastic

lots of sediments being compaceted together by water or other sediments

what is bioclastic

result of the process that includes living organisum

what is crysteline

form when minerals dissovled in water leave a crystel

example of a sedimentary rock in everyday life

limestone and sandstone are used in construstion and coal is used as a energy resource

What is regional metamorphism

occurs deep underground where rocks are put under pressure or heat causing the parents rock to deform and make another rock

what is contact metamorphism

occurs when rocks are heated in high tempretures near lava or magma causing the parent rock to metamorphise

what are foliated metamorphic rocks

they have layers or bands normally occurs in regianal metamorphism as result of pressure and stress

what is non foliated metamorphic rock

no layers or bands normally occur in contact metamorphism as a result of pressure

what is mineral banding

when minerals have distinct lines or zones of differnt colours or compositions due to high tempreture of pressure

what is mineral aligment

minerals align parallel to each other it gives a rock or flakey or layered look

What does the rock cycle represent

It represents how rocks continuously transformed from one rock to another while going through many geological processes

What are the mineral properties

Color, Hardness, Lustre, Cleavage, Streak

What is the moh’s hardness scale?

The hardness of a mineral is determined based in what it can or cant scratch

1.       What are crystalline sedimentary rocks formed?

Form evaporation or precipitation

How are bioclastic sedimentary rocks formed

From the processes that involve living organisms

1.       How are sedimentary rocks classified?

By their type of sediments