[QUESTIONS] What is memory/information processing model

questions that cant be answered by "fill in the blank"

What are the three processes of memory

encoding, storage, retrieval

What is the information processing model good at explaining

the “big picture” of memory

What is the most comprehensive memory model

Information-processing model

What is the Parallel distributed processing (PDP) model good at explaining

the connections and timing of memory processes

what is the PDP model derived from

Derived from work in the development of AI

What is the Levels-of-processing model good at explaining

the strength of parallel connections within each of the three memory systems

As long as neural messages are traveling through the system, the person has

a memory for that information

Capacity of iconic memory

everything that can be seen at one time

Duration of iconic memory

basically none, like my attention span

Function of iconic memory:

• Helps the visual system view surroundings as continuous or stable in spite of saccadic movements.

• Also allows brain stem to decide of information is important enough to be brought into consciousness.

Capacity of echoic memory

what can be heard at any one moment

Does echoic or iconic memory have a larger capacity

iconic

Does echoic or iconic memory have a longer duration

echoic

Function of echoic memory

Echoic memory allows people to hold onto sound information just long enough to decide if it is worth processing to a higher degree or not.

Duration of short-term memory

around 30 seconds or more

Who made the original filter theory

Dr. Donald E. Broadbent

What can the original filter theory not explain

The “cocktail party effect”, where you immediately recognize when your name is said even if it is in the background noise

What are the two stages of the two-stage filtering process

In the first stage, information is filtered, but not eliminated, only “turned down” (this process is called attenuation). In the second stage, information that meets a certain “importance threshold” is processed.

who proposed the two-stage filtering process

Dr. Anne M. Treisman

Short-term memory tends to be encoded primarily in _____ form

auditory

What are the three systems of working memory

1. Visual “sketchpad”, information container in STM

2. Auditory “recorder”, information container in STM

3. Central executive that controls and coordinates the other two systems

   • Responsible for combining and interpreting information from the other systems

the capacity of STM is _____ pieces of information at a time

7±2

who used the digit span test to test the capacity of STM

George Miller

Short-term memory lasts about ______

12-30 seconds

If information in STM exceeds capacity, old information may be

“pushed out” to make room for new information.