Biology vocabulary 19/03

Taxonomy

Systems of naming and classifying organisms based on shared characteristics and universal rule

Binomial nomenclature

A naming system that assigns species into a two part name system Carlos Linnaeus made it in 1730s

Genus

A group of similar species

Systematics

The science of naming and grouping organisms

Texa

The singular word of taxon and many biologists refer to these groups

Family

A group of similar genera

Order

Closely related family’s are grouped into the next larger taxon

Class

Similar order in turn grouped into the next larger rank

Phylum (plum)

Includes organisms that look different but share important characteristics

Kingdom

Largest and most inclusive of traditional taxonomic categories is kingdom

Domain

An even larger kingdom

Phylogeny

Study of evolutionary history of lineages of organism

Clade

Group of species that include a single common ancestor and descendants

Cladogram

Information used to link clades together into a diagram

Derived character

A trait that arose in the most recent common ancestor of a lineage and passed it down to it’s descendants