Chapter 5: Symbolic Interactionism

Who are the key figures associated with the development of Symbolic Interactionism?

George Herbert Mead and Herbert Blumer.

What does the term 'social constructionism' refer to in the context of communication?

It refers to the idea that our reality, including our sense of self, is created through communication and is dynamic rather than static.

What is the significance of the 'tree falling' thought experiment in Symbolic Interactionism?

It illustrates the concept of reality being dependent on perception and communication; if no one hears the tree fall, does it make a sound?

What is meant by 'symbolic interaction'?

It refers to the process of communication that anticipates responses and involves back-and-forth exchanges.

What is the first premise of Symbolic Interactionism regarding meaning?

Humans act toward people or things based on the meanings they assign to them, indicating that perception is reality.

How is meaning negotiated according to the second premise of Symbolic Interactionism?

Meaning is negotiated through language during social interactions, influenced by the nature of the situation and the relationship.

What does the third premise of Symbolic Interactionism state about thinking?

A person's interpretation of symbols is shaped by their own thought processes, including schemata and inner dialogue.

What is the Looking-glass Self?

It is the image of ourselves that we believe is seen by others, shaping our self-perception.

What does Goffman's concept of Dramaturgy suggest about social interaction?

It suggests that social interaction is a performance where individuals present different 'faces' in various contexts.

What is the difference between the front stage and back stage in social interactions?

The front stage is where individuals perform in the moment, while the back stage is where they can be more themselves.

What is the Generalized Other?

It is the imagined audience that represents a composite of experienced responses and known social norms.

What does the 'I' represent in Symbolic Interactionism?

The 'I' is the spontaneous, novel, and unpredictable aspect of the self that emerges without rehearsal.

What does the 'Me' represent in Symbolic Interactionism?

The 'Me' is the image of self that is reflected back from the reactions of others, shaped by social interactions.

What is a self-fulfilling prophecy?

It is the phenomenon where individuals act according to how they perceive others perceive them, which can reinforce negative self-talk.

How can self-efficacy be influenced by others' expectations?

Others' expectations can shape what individuals believe they are capable of achieving.

Who are considered important opinion leaders in the context of the generalized other?

Important others can include parents, friends, partners, children, future bosses, celebrities, and social media followers.

What role does 'minding' play in social interactions?

Minding involves active inner dialogue and rehearsal of how to act in different situations based on anticipated responses.

What is the significance of 'facework' in Goffman's Dramaturgy?

Facework refers to the identity shifting that occurs as individuals manage their social performances in different contexts.

What does the term 'schemata' refer to in the context of thinking?

Schemata are cognitive frameworks that help individuals understand and interpret their experiences.

How does Symbolic Interactionism view interpersonal communication?

It views interpersonal communication as complex, situated, and social, emphasizing shared meanings and mutual actions.