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Deism
The Enlightenment-influenced belief that the Christian god created the universe and then left it to run according to natural laws.
Second Great Awakening
the belief that to get to heaven there has to be salvation through good works
there has to be actions taken
Burned-Over-District
religious revivals to western New York.
The Mormons faced much persecution from the people and were eventually forced to move west.
Mormons
People belonging to the church founded by Joseph Smith in the Burned Over Districts. Were persecuted and forced to move to west
Lyceum
an institution for popular education providing discussions, lectures, concerts
American Temperance Society
first national organization to protest the abuse of alcohol.
Woman’s Rights Convention at Seneca Falls
organized by prominent activists, including Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott.
Modeled after the Declaration of Independence
Shakers
A religious sect known for their communal living, celibacy, and ecstatic worship
Hudson River School
a mid-19th century art movement that focused on nature
The Hudson River School artists portrayed humans and nature coexisting.
Minstrel Shows
stage performance performed by white people that dressed up in black faces and mocked African-Americans
Transendentalism
a philosophical and literary movement that emphasized individual intuition, the inherent goodness of people, and a deep connection to nature
The American Scholar
Promoted intellectual independence and urged American authors to move away from European ideas
Speech given by Ralph Waldo Emerson
Charles Grandison Finney
Known as the "father of modern revivalism,"
he was a pioneer
Joseph Smith
founder of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints
he served as the first prophet-leader
Brigham Young
American religious leader who headed the Mormon Church after the murder of Joseph Smith, he lead mormons to Utah known as the Mormon Trail
Horace Mann
American educational reformer known as the 'Father of the American Public School System.
He advocated for universal public education and believed that education was essential for democracy and social equality.
Dorothea Dix
A reformer and pioneer in the movement to treat the insane as mentally ill
she was responsible for improving conditions in jails, poorhouses and insane asylums throughout the U.S. and Canada.
Lucretia Mott
A Quaker who started the womens rights convention at seneca falls
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
A suffragette who, with Lucretia Mott, organized the first convention on women's rights, held in Seneca Falls
Susan B. Anthony
prominent feminist, educator, and civil rights advocate
Amelia Bloomer
Reformer and women's rights activist,
wore short skirts with Turkish trousers or "bloomers", as a healthier and more comfortable alternative to the tight corsets and voluminous skirts popular with women of her day.
John J. Audubon
Member of Hudson River School that showed emotion of nature (specifically birds and animals) with a major work entitled THE BIRDS OF AMERICA
James Fenimore Cooper
a popular American writer
wrote numerous sea-stories and historical novels known as the the "Leatherstocking Tales"
Ralph Waldo Emerson
American transcendentalist
was against slavery
stressed self-reliance, optimism, self-improvement, self-confidence, and freedom.
wrote self reliance and the american scholar
Henry David Thoreau
American poet, philosopher, abolitionist,
helped lead transcendentalist.
known for his poem Walden
Walt Whitman
American poet and transcendentalist
who was famous for his beliefs on nature, as demonstrated in his book, Leaves of Grass.
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
American poet and professor of modern languages at Harvard
Known for Paul Reveres Ride and the song of Hiawatha
Louisa May Alcott
New England-born author of popular novels for adolescents, most notably Little Women
Emily Dickinson
Massachusetts-born poet
She was a recluse
All her work was published after she died
Edgar Allan Poe
American poet, short-story writer, editor and literary critic
Known for the raven and tell tale heart
Nathaniel Hawthorne
originally a transcendentalist; later rejected them and became a leading anti-transcendentalist.
wrote the scarlet letter
Herman Melville
One of the greatest writers of his era, his most important novel was Moby Dick
