Acoustic Theory of Speech Production

These flashcards cover key aspects of the acoustic theory of speech production, focusing on the source-filter model, formants, harmonics, and the role of the vocal tract.

What does the source filter theory of speech production explain?

It describes how sound is produced by the larynx (source) and modified by the vocal tract (filter).

What is represented by 'U' in speech production?

U represents the glottal volume velocity.

What is the main function of the vocal tract in speech production?

The vocal tract acts as a resonator that shapes the sound produced by the vocal folds.

What are formants in speech production?

Formants are the resonant frequencies of the vocal tract that characterize different vowel sounds.

How do harmonics relate to the fundamental frequency in speech?

Harmonics are the additional frequencies that occur at integer multiples of the fundamental frequency.

What happens to harmonics as the frequency increases?

The amplitude of harmonics typically decreases with increasing frequency.

Why do different articulatory postures produce different sounds?

Specific articulatory postures modify the resonance characteristics of the vocal tract, affecting the sound produced.

What is the effect of glottal closure on the sound produced?

Tighter closure usually produces greater energy at lower frequencies, while looser closure leads to different spectral characteristics.

What does the phrase 'source wave' refer to?

The original sound wave created by the vibration of the vocal folds.

What does the term 'spectrogram' refer to?

A visual representation of the spectrum of frequencies in a sound as they vary with time.

How can changes in the vocal tract impact sound production?

Changes in the volume or shape of the vocal tract alter the resonant frequencies, affecting the output sound.

What is the primary determinant of frequency in voice production?

The rate at which the vocal folds vibrate, measured in hertz.

How does the vocal tract function as a filter?

It selectively amplifies certain harmonic frequencies while attenuating others based on its shape and configuration.