West Africa Notes

What resources did people in the south and north of Ghana trade in the Gold-Salt trade?

People in the south had access to gold mines, while those in the north traded salt.

Who were the main traders in the Gold-Salt trade?

The Berbers were the main traders in the Gold-Salt trade, coming from the north to trade salt for gold.

What internal causes contributed to the decline of Ghana?

The internal causes included overpopulation, drought, food shortage, and over-dependence on trade.

What is said to have started the drought in the Ghana Empire?

The drought was caused by a black snake god (Bida) demanding sacrifices, leading to revenge on the city after being killed.

Who defeated Ghana and contributed to its decline?

The Almoravids from the Mali Empire defeated Ghana.

What was a notable aspect of Mansa Musa's pilgrimage to Mecca?

He aimed to attract world attention and recognition for Mali as a significant state.

What was one consequence of Mansa Musa's extravagant use of gold during his pilgrimage?

It caused a financial crisis by decreasing the market value of gold.

What city was located between the crossroads of the north and south trade?

The city of Djenne was located between the crossroads of the north and south trade.

What does 'Mansa' translate to?

'Mansa' translates to 'Mandinke clan rulers'.

Who was Abubakar and what was his ambition as a Mali ruler?

Abubakar was a king who wanted to cross the Atlantic Ocean but was not successful.

How did Mali and Ghana compare regarding internationalism?

Mali had more territory and external ties, shown by Mansa Musa's pilgrimage, while Ghana was less ambitious and focused on its territory.

Which city broke away from the Mali kingdom leading to the Songhay Empire?

Gao broke away from the Mali kingdom and became the capital of the Songhay Empire.

How was the government of Songhay different from that of Mali?

Songhay had a more centralized government with one powerful ruler, while Mali was decentralized with local rulers maintaining significant power.

What internal factors led to the downfall of Songhay?

A civil war, environmental change causing diseases and droughts, weakened wealth and power.

What external factors contributed to the downfall of Songhay?

The invasion by Moroccan soldiers, who took advantage of Songhay being unprepared due to internal conflict.