AP World Unit 1

Study AP World Unit 1 flashcards

What were the 3 states in East Asia?

China, Japan, and Korea

What is Confucianism?

unequal relationships that focus on power

What is Fililar Piety?

Respecting your elders

How did China impact gender roles?

They impaced gender roles by promoting patriarchy and inventing foot-binding.

What was the imperial bureucracy

Consisted of appointed officials that were talented in Confucianism by Civil Service Exams

What did Korea do under the Chinese?

Adopted many of its traditions due to a fear of capture from China

What did Japan do under the Chinese?

Implemented some traditions, but not useless ones due to it being maritime and having protection from China.

What did Vietnam do under the Chinese?

Implemented its traditions but made it more matriarchal.

What is Buddhism?

You suffer due to crave and must follow the Four Noble Truths and the eightfold path to reach nirvana.

What were the 3 types of Buddhism and what were they?

Thervada Buddhism escapes the cycle of life and death, Mayana Buddhism wanted to promote Buddhist teachings to all, and Tibute Buddhism focused more on mythology practices.

What was paper money?

A form of currency that was created to help facilitate trade and the economy.

What was heavily produced as a material?

Iron and steel

What was champa rice?

An agricultural phenomenon that led to a surplus of goods and population growth due to it being drought-resistant and harvestable twice a year.

What was the Grand Canal

The largest man-made river that connected trade way more

What were the three inventions that helped boost maritime trade and military?

Sterm-Mountain Runners, Maritime Compasses, and gunpowder.

What countries make up the Middle East?

Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Israeal and Jordan

What religion originated in the Middle East?

Judaism

What religion was created in the Middle East and who?

Christianity and Jesus Christ

What empire picked up on Christianity that led to it spreading?

The Roman Empire

How was Islam formed?

Formed by Muhammad in the Arabian Peninsula who claimed to be the last prophet of the Jewish scriptures

What was Islam based off of?

Trade networks and merchants

What is Shahada? (5 Pillars of Islam)

There is no god but god, and Muhammad is the prophet

What is Salat? (5 Pillars of Islam)

Prayer at dawn, noon, afternoon, sunset, and late evening every day

What is Sawm (5 Pillars of Islam)

Muslims cannot eat, drink, or smoke during daylight hours

What is Zakat? (5 Pillars of Islam)

Muslims giving a percentage of their income to the poor Muslims

What is Hajj (5 Pillars of Islam)?

The pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in your life.

What happended after Muhammad’s death?

Islam spread through the Middle East and to North and SubSaharan Africa, and South Asia.

What was the Abbasid Caliphate

A replacement for the Umayyad Empire which maintained power throughout the golden age until it became fragmented from Turkic people.W

What was the Seljuk Empire?

Empire who took over the Abbasids and had political power.

What was the Mamluk Sultanate?

Founded by Saladin who enslaved Turkic people to become soldiers and take over Muslim states.

What was the Delhi Sultanate?

Founded in Southeast Asia that took over Islamic states from the Turkic people for over 300 years.

What stayed the same even after the fall of the Abbasid Caliphate?

Military structure and the Sharia law

How did Islam spread after the fall of the Abbasid Caliphate?

Through the Delhi Sultanate, merchant activity, and missionaries.

What was Sufism?

A form of Islam that relied on mystical experiences and was available to any class or gender which helped facilitate the spread of Islam.

Who was Nasir-al Din Tusi?

Islamic scholar who invented modern number systems like trigonometry

Who was Plato and Aristole?

Huge philosophers that spread messages about philosophy around the world

What was the House of Islam?

A place where a lot of Muslims and non-Muslim scholars studied the natural science of the world in the Middle East

What countries are in South Asia?

Nepal, Pakistan, and India

What countries are in Southeast Asia?

Vietnam, Indonesia, Laos, Cambodia

What was the dominating religion in India?

Hinduism

What is Hinduism?

A way to reunite their souls with the world soul known as Baraham if they were good humans, if you were a good human you would be placed higher on a caste system in the next life.

What was the Bhkati Movement?

A movement that protested the removal of the cate system for equality, as well as the study of one god instead of multiple.

Why was Buddhism such an easy religion to practice?

It was a universal religion that believed in equality, making it much more easy for empires to place.

What was the Vijayanaya Empire?

Created by two Muslim missionaries who quickly converted to Hinduism after the government stopped spying on them.

What was the Srijayava Empire?

Beacme extremely wealthy by taxing goods and merchants from the Strait of Malacca, but was influenced by Hindu states for being Buddhist

What was the Majaphit Kingdom?

Heavily influenced by Buddhism but kept power through tributary relationships.

What was the Khmer Empire?

Known for mixing Buddhist and Hindu culture in Ankor Wat by creating beautiful statues and temples.

How was state-building created?

State-building, originated from 3000 BCE, were used to organized resources and enfore order, while keeping power from religion and wealth

What was the Mayan Empire?

Despite being fragmented and only held together by tributary relationships, It had good writing, number systems, and huge urban centers.

What were the Aztecs?

An empire known for conquer like the Mayans and forming tributary relationsips, as well as having the biggest trading city, Technochilitan.

What were the Incas?

An empire that was formed after the conquer of the Wari and was one of the only empries of the Americas to have a good centralized government and political system

What was the Mit’a system in the Incas?

Captured people had to do labor or work in the military

What was the Missipian Culture like?

Consisted of mass farming culture

What were the Chaco and the Mesa Verde?

Regions who developed new ways to live in dry areas by using materials like sandstone to build.

What was the Swahili Empire?

Composed of  Islamic merchants along the Swahili Coast who traded for ivory, gold, timber, and enslaved people. It was also the first communal empire with merchants being classed as powerful and having no leader.

What was Great Zimbabwe?

Focused on gold mining and agriculture, and built stone like strucutre for people in royalty.

What were the Hausa Kingdoms?

Were individual states but got so rich from trade

What was Ethiopia?

Known for building huge Christian structures and getting wealthy through trade, most notably salt.

What was the Eastern Orthodox Christianity?

Consisted of groups like bishops, cardinals, and the pope who had influence across Europe

What were the Crusades?

A military conquest to try to take back the holy land from the Muslims.

What is feudalism?

A decentralized government structure where a person would give land to someone in exchange for military and loyalty.

What is manoralism?

A decentralized government system where lords would force peasants to do labor in exchange for protection.

What were the bad influences in Europe?

Child morality being high as well as crime rates.

What was the ice age?

A time where temperatures dropped which led to less agricultural prodcution

What happended during the 1300s in Europe in terms of literacy and art?

The European Renaissance and the exploration of ancient Greek and Roman arts.