Micro Exam 3 - Mycology (MLSP 5113 - University of Minnesota - Spring 2025)

What is a dimorph?

A dimorph is an organism that grows as a yeast or a mold.

Source: W10 Pre-Lecture Quiz

What is a teleomorph?

A teleomorph is a fungus that exhibits sexual forms of reproduction.

Source: W10 Pre-Lecture Quiz

What is an anamorph?

An anamorph is a fungus that exhibits asexual forms of reproduction.

Source: W10 Pre-Lecture Quiz

What is a synanamorph?

A synanamorph is a fungus that exhibits more than one more of reproduction.

Source: W10 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Superficial mycoses infect what part(s) of the body?

Superficial mycoses infect the outermost layer of skin and hair .

Source: W10 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Cutaneous mycoses infect what part(s) of the body?

Cutaneous mycoses infect the keratin layer of skin, hair, and nails

Source: W10 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Briefly describe systemic mycoses.

Systemic mycoses are spread via circulation.

Source: W10 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Where is Blastomyces dermatidis endemic? And what is its natural habitat/reservoir?

Endemic in Ohio and Mississippi River Valleys, found in the soil/environment

Source: W10 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Histoplasma capsulatum risk factors

Source: W10 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Endemic in Ohio and Mississippi River Valleys, found in bird droppings and bat guano

Talaromyces marneffei risk factors

Source: W10 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Endemic in Southeast Asia, previously classified as a Penicillium species

Coccidioides immitis risk factors

Source: W10 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Endemic in South-Western US, Mexico, and Central and South Americas; found in alkaline desert soil

Sporothrix schenckii risk factors

Source: W10 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Found worldwide, infection an occupational hazard for farmers, plant nursery workers, gardeners, florists, etc.

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis risk factors

Source: W10 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Endemic in Mexico and Central and South America, found in the environment

The purpose of adding cycloheximide to fungal media is to:

Source: W10 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Inhibit certain molds that are sensitive to the antimicrobial

3 multiple choice options

True or false: Pseudohyphae are chains of budding yeast, whereas true hyphae are tubular structures that make up the mycelium.

Source: W10 Pre-Lecture Quiz

True

True or false: Pseudohyphae are produced by molds, whereas true hyphae are produced by yeasts.

Source: W10 Pre-Lecture Quiz

False

True or false: Pseudohyphae can be sparsely septate.

Source: W10 Pre-Lecture Quiz

False

True or false: Pseudohyphae have constrictions between each cell, true hyphae do not have constrictions.

Source: W10 Pre-Lecture Quiz

True

True or false: agar growing filamentous molds can be opened outside of a biological cabinet.

Source: W10 Chime-In

False

What is the name of the solution that is added to microscopic wet preps to dissolve keratin?

Source: W10 Chime-In

10% KOH

Which of the following is NOT a type of fungal asexual reproduction?

Source: W10 Chime-In

Ascospore

3 multiple choice options

When identifying Talaromyces marneffei, what similar fungi do you need to differentiate it from?

Source: W10 Chime-In

Penicillium

3 multiple choice options

Which dimorphic yeast does not technically produce a yeast form, instead produces spherules filled with endospores?

Source: W10 Chime-In

Coccicioides immitis

3 multiple choice options

For which clinical specimen is the KOH direct mount technique used to examine for the presence of fungal elements?

A. Blood

B. Bone marrow

C. Cerebrospinal fluid

D. Skin

Source: 5113 W10 Mycology Intro and Systemic Molds Kahoot

D. Skin

A solution of 10% KOH is used for contaminated specimens, such as skin, hair, nail scrapings, and sputum, to clear way background debris that may resemble fungal elements. Normally sterile specimens do not require KOH for clearing.

Dimorphic fungi are found in infected tissue in which form?

A. Latent

B. Mold phase

C. Encapsulated

D. Yeast phase

Source: 5113 W10 Mycology Intro and Systemic Molds Kahoot

D. Yeast phase

Dimorphic molds are in the yeast form in infected tissues because they are in the yeast form at 37 ˚C. To prove that a mold growing at 25-30 ˚C is dimorphic, conversion to the yeast form can be demonstrated via subculture and incubation at 37 ˚C.

The mycelial form of which dimorphic mold produces thick-walled, rectangular, or barrel-shaped alternate arthroconidia.

A. Histoplasma capsulatum

B. Blastomyces dermatitidis

C. Coccidioides immitis

D. Sporothrix schenckii

Source: 5113 W10 Mycology Intro and Systemic Molds Kahoot

C. Coccidioides immitis

The mold form of C. immitis shows barrel-shaped arthroconidia separated by empty cells (disjunctor cells) that cause an uneven staining effect when they are examined microscopically. Sporothrix, Histoplasma, and Bastomyces all produce round conidia.

The yeast form of which dimorphic fungus appears as oval or elongated cigar shapes?

A. Sporothrix schenckii

B. Coccidioides immitis

C. Histoplasma capsulatum

D. Blastomyces dermatitidis

Source: 5113 W10 Mycology Intro and Systemic Molds Kahoot

A. Sporothrix schenckii

S. schenckii is usually acquired by humans through thorns or splinters because it is commonly found on living or dead vegetation. It is called "rose gardener's disease" because gardeners, florists, and farmers are most often infected.

The yeast form of which dimorphic mold shows a large budding yeast cell surrounded by smaller budding yeast cells?

A. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

B. Coccidioides immitis

C. Histoplasma capsulatum

D. Sporothrix schenckii

Source: 5113 W10 Mycology Intro and Systemic Molds Kahoot

A. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

P. brasiliensis yeast forms are sometimes seen as "mariner's wheel" or "ship's wheel" because multiple budding cells completely surround the periphery of the parent cell.

At 37 ˚C, small intracellular budding yeast cells were seen. At 25 ˚C, thick, spherical tuberculated macroconidia were seen.

A. Histoplasma capsulatum

B. Coccidioides immitis

C. Sporothrix schenckii

D. Talaromyces marneffei

Source: 5113 W10 Mycology Intro and Systemic Molds Kahoot

A. Histoplasma capsulatum

H. capsulatum produces budding yeast and hyphal fragments at 37 ˚C, whereas at 25 ˚C, the organism displays large, thick walled, round macroconidia with knobby projections. The yeast form is able to survive within monocytes or macrophages within humans.

All of the following are examples of appropriate specimens for the recovery of fungi except:

A. Dry swab

B. Tissue biopsy

C. Cerebrospinal fluid

D. Aspirate of exudate

Source: 5113 W10 Mycology Intro and Systemic Molds Kahoot

A. Dry swab

Specimens for fungal culture must be kept in a moist, sterile environment. Swabs that are dried out should be rejected. Generally, swabs are inadequate for the recovery of fungi because they are easily contaminated by surrounding skin flora.

Which of the following enzymes is detected using birdseed agar?

A. Catalase

B. Urease

C. Phenol oxidase

D. Nitrate reductase

Source: 5113 W10 Mycology Intro and Systemic Molds Kahoot

C. Phenol oxidase

Birdseed agar is a specialty media used to identify Cryptococcus neoformans, a pathogenic yeast. C. neoformans produces phenol oxidase, which will produce brown/black pigmented colonies on Birdseed agar (oxidizes o-diphenol to melanin, which produces the color)

Cornmeal agar is used to identify which characteristic of an unknown fungal isolate?

A. Chlamydoconidia

B. Hyphae (true and pseudo)

C. Blastoconidia and arthroconidia

D. All of these options

Source: 5113 W10 Mycology Intro and Systemic Molds Kahoot

D. All of these options

Cornmeal agar reduces the surface tension and allows for enhanced formation of hyphae, blastospores, and chlamydoconidia. It is used to help identify yeasts, and can be used to promote sporulation in filamentous molds to aid in identification.

A patient develops a pulmonary infection with a chronic cough, shortness of breath, sweats, fever, and weight loss following chemotherapy. The physician considers TB but the skin test was negative. A blood sputum was collected which grew a velvety, brown colony after 4 weeks of incubation. What is the suspected morphology of the infecting organism?

Source: Systemic Fungi Check Your Knowledge

Tuberculated, large chlamydoconidia

3 multiple choice options

Chromoblastomycosis is caused by all the following organisms except:

Source: Systemic Fungi Check Your Knowledge

Penicillium marneffei

3 multiple choice options

A patient develops a systemic infection after working in his flower garden. The organism initially presented in a yeast form when incubated at 35 ˚C. As the organism matured, it became darker, rough, and wrinkled. The conidia formed a delicate, flower-like arrangement at the end of a thin conidiophore. The most likely organism is:

Source: Systemic Fungi Check Your Knowledge

Sporothrix

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following is true?

Source: Mycology Introduction - Check Knowledge

All of these options

3 multiple choice options

The following is characterized as a spindle or club-shaped, multicellular asexual spore:

Source: Mycology Introduction - Check Knowledge

Macroconidia

3 multiple choice options

In the collection, transport, and processing of a sample for fungal culture, which of the following are true?

Source: Mycology Introduction - Check Knowledge

All of these options are true

3 multiple choice options

the following is a microscopic method recommended for digesting keratin found in hair, skin, and nails.

Source: Mycology Introduction - Check Knowledge

10% KOH

3 multiple choice options

For potassium hydroxide (KOH) to work properly, what is done to speed up the dissolution of the keratin and skin layers?

Source: Mycology Introduction - Check Knowledge

Heat gently, then cool

3 multiple choice options

Cornmeal agar is used to emphasize the production of:

Source: Mycology Introduction - Check Knowledge

Conidia and hyphae

3 multiple choice options

Mucorales are different from other molds in that they have/are:

Source: W11 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Sparsely septate (also called pauciseptate) hyphae

3 multiple choice options

What are the macroscopic colors most often associated with Aspergillus fumigatus?

Source: W11 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Blue-green with white margin; reverse white to tan

3 multiple choice options

What are the macroscopic colors most often associated with Aspergillus niger?

Source: W11 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Black with white margin; reverse buff or cream

3 multiple choice options

What are the macroscopic colors most often associated with Aspergillus flavus?

Source: W11 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Yellow-green with white margin; reverse gold to red-brown

3 multiple choice options

What are the macroscopic colors most often associated with Aspergillus terreus?

Source: W11 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Tan/cinnamon brown; reverse white to brown

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following hyaline molds is known is cause mycotic keratitis?

Source: W11 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Fusarium sp.

3 multiple choice options

It's important to rule out the following organism when identifying Penicillium species because they resemble each other; however, Penicillium rarely causes disease, while this mold has been linked to severe diseases like fungal keratitis:

Source: W11 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Paecilomyces sp.

3 multiple choice options

Microsporum spp. is most likely to infect which of the following sources?

Source: W11 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Hair and skin

3 multiple choice options

Trichophyton spp. is most likely to infect which of the following sources?

Source: W11 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Skin and nails

3 multiple choice options

Epidermophyton spp. is most likely to infect which of the following sources?

Source: W11 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Hair, skin, and nail

3 multiple choice options

This organism was isolated from a diabetic patient with a sinus infection. The mold was extremely fast growing with a dirty white surface. Microscopic observation revealed wide aseptate hyphae without rhizoids. This organism is most likely which of the following?

Source: Mucorales Molds Check Your Knowledge

Mucor spp.

3 multiple choice options

On day 3 of a fungal culture, grayish cottony growth is observed that is filling the container. The most likely mold isolated is a:

Source: Mucorales Molds Check Your Knowledge

Mucorales

3 multiple choice options

The appropriate specimen for the diagnosis of mucormycosis is:

Source: Mucorales Molds Check Your Knowledge

Sputum

3 multiple choice options

The following describe the microscopic appearance of the Microsporum species:

Source: Dermatophytes Check Your Knowledge

Numerous spindle shaped macroconidia, few microconidia

3 multiple choice options

The following promotes the transmission of a dermatophyte infection:

Source: Dermatophytes Check Your Knowledge

Moist, crowded conditions

3 multiple choice options

The following is used to differentiate T. mentagrophyte from T. rubrum:

Source: Dermatophytes Check Your Knowledge

Pigment of PDA

3 multiple choice options

The organism that is positive for the hair perforation test is :

Source: Dermatophytes Check Your Knowledge

Trichophyton mentagrophyte

3 multiple choice options

The microscopic structures that are most useful in the identification of dermatophytes are:

Source: Dermatophytes Check Your Knowledge

Macroconidia and microconidia

3 multiple choice options

A specimen of hair that fluoresced under a Wood lamp was obtained from a child with low-grade scaling lesions of the scalp. Cultures revealed a fungus with mycelium and very few macroconidia or microconidia. The most likely fungus is:

Source: Dermatophytes Check Your Knowledge

Microsporum audouinii

3 multiple choice options

What organism frequently presents in fungus balls?

Source: Opportunistic Molds Check Your Knowledge

Aspergillus fumigatus

3 multiple choice options

Penicillium can best be separated from Aspergillus by:

Source: Opportunistic Molds Check Your Knowledge

Arrangement of the conidia on the conidiophore

3 multiple choice options

A culture from a patient with pneumonia shows a slow growing fungus with septate hyaline hyphae and conidiophores, which have double rows of phialides and chains of conidia from a vesicle. The organism most likely involved is:

Source: Opportunistic Molds Check Your Knowledge

Aspergillus species

3 multiple choice options

Which test can be used to differentiate Trichophyton mentagrophytes from T. rubrum?

Source: W11 Chime-In

In vitro hair perforation

3 multiple choice options

A Woods lamp is used to detect fluorescing hairs in which dermatophyte?

Source: W11 Chime-In

All of these

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following does not produce rhizoids?

Source: W11 Chime-In

Mucor spp.

3 multiple choice options

An elderly female with diabetes visits her clinican because she has a brown, dull, discolored toenail. The clinician takes nail clippings for culture. The lab places the clippings on one media without cycloheximide and one media with cycloheximide.

The media without cycloheximide reveals a rapid-growing colony that matures within 5 days. The agar containing cycloheximide shows no growth.

The colonies are originally white but become tan with age. Microscopic examination reveals single or branching penicillus with flask-shaped annellides. Large echinate conidia w/ flattened base are also seen microscopically.

Source: W11 Chime-In

Scopulariopsis sp.

3 multiple choice options

Sickle or boat-shaped macroconidia are characteristic of:

Source: W11 Chime-In

Fusarium spp.

3 multiple choice options

Cutaneous disease involving skin, hair, and nails usually indicates an infection with a:

A. Dermatophyte

B. Mucorales

C. Aspergillus spp.

D. DImorphic fungus

Source: 5113 W11 Dermatophytes, Mucorales, and Opportunistic Molds Kahoot

A. Dermatophyte

Superficial dermatophytes rarely invade the deeper tissues and are the cause of most cutaneous fungal infections. Fungal infections of the skin are most often caused by Microsporum, Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton.

The mycelial form of Histoplasma capsulatum seen on agar resembles:

A. Penicillium spp.

B. Sepedonium spp.

C. Sporothrix spp.

D. Coccidioides spp.

Source: 5113 W11 Dermatophytes, Mucorales, and Opportunistic Molds Kahoot

B. Sepedonium spp.

Sepedonium spp. are saprophytic molds that do not have a yeast phase and produce large spherical tuberculate macroconidia, similar to Histoplasma.

Which group of molds can be ruled out when septate hyphae are observed in a culture?

A. Dimorphic molds

B. Dermatophytes

C. Dematiaceous

D. Mucorales

Source: 5113 W11 Dermatophytes, Mucorales, and Opportunistic Molds Kahoot

D. Mucorales

Mucorales display aseptate (or sparsely septate) hyphae, whereas the other groups all display septate hyphae.

Which of the following structures is (are) invaded by the genus Trichophyton?

A. Nails

B. Hair

C. Skin

D. All of these

Source: 5113 W11 Dermatophytes, Mucorales, and Opportunistic Molds Kahoot

D. All of these

Trichophyton, Epidermophyton, and Microsporum are the organisms causing human dermatomycoses. Trichophyton infect hair, nails, and skin. Microsporum infects hair and the skin, and the Epidermophyton infects skin and nails.

This organism was isolated from skin, and it produces a deep red pigment on PDA and tear-shaped microconidia along the sides of the hyphae. What is the most likely organism?

A. Trichophyton schoenleinii

B. Microsporum canis

C. Trichophyton rubrum

D. Trichophyton tonsurans

Source: 5113 W11 Dermatophytes, Mucorales, and Opportunistic Molds Kahoot

C. Trichophyton rubrum

T. rubrum can be differentiated from the other members of the genus by its distinctive cherry-red color. T. mentagrophytes may also produce a red pigment, but is less prominent.

Which Microsporum species causes an epidemic form of tinea capitis in children?

A. Microsporum canis

B. Microsporum gypseum

C. Microsporum audouinii

D. All of these

Source: 5113 W11 Dermatophytes, Mucorales, and Opportunistic Molds Kahoot

C. Microsporum audouinii

M. audouinii and T. tonsurans may both cause epidemic tinea capitis in children. M. audouinii causes a chronic infection transmitted directly via infected hairs on hats, combs, etc. Infected hairs will fluoresce with a Woods lamp.

Exam of a fungus causing athlete's foot showed large, smooth, club-shaped macroconidia in clusters. No microconidia were seen. What is the most likely organism?

A. Trichophyton rubrum

B. Microsporum canis

C. Epidermophyton flocossum

D. Trichophyton tonsurans

Source: 5113 W11 Dermatophytes, Mucorales, and Opportunistic Molds Kahoot

C. Epidermophyton flocossum

Epidermophyton spp. do not produce microconidia; this differentiates them from Trichophyton and Microsporum.

Which Trichophyton sp. causes the favus type of tinea capitis seen in the Scandinavian countries and the Appalachians?

A. Trichophyton schoenleinii

B. Trichophyton rubrum

C. Trichophyton mentagrophytes

D. Trichophyton tonsurans

Source: 5113 W11 Dermatophytes, Mucorales, and Opportunistic Molds Kahoot

A. Trichophyton schoenleinii

T. schoenleinii is identified microscopically by its characteristic antler-shaped hyphae and chlamydoconidia in the absence of conidia.

Which Aspergillus species, recovered from sputum, is the most common cause of pulmonary aspergillosis?

A. Aspergillus niger

B. Aspergillus flavus

C. Aspergillus terreus

D. Aspergillus fumigatus

Source: 5113 W11 Dermatophytes, Mucorales, and Opportunistic Molds Kahoot

D. Aspergillus fumigatus

A. fumigatus is most often associated with compost piles and is found in the soil of potted plants.

What is the most common cause of mucormycosis infection in humans?

A. Rhizopus spp.

B. Mucor spp.

C. Rhizomucor spp.

D. Lichtheimia spp.

Source: 5113 W11 Dermatophytes, Mucorales, and Opportunistic Molds Kahoot

A. Rhizopus spp.

Vascular invasion, followed by thrombosis, tissue infarction, and necrosis are the most common clinical manifestations of mucormycosis. Around 70% of all cases of mucormycosis are linked to Rhizopus spp.

Which of the following matches the conidia and pseudohyphae formation on cornmeal agar of Candida albicans?

A. Produces blastoconidia only

B. Produces elongated blastoconidia and pseudohyphae

C. Produces blastoconidia and spidery pseudohyphae

D. Produces blastoconidia, chlamydoconidia, and pseudohyphae

Source: W12 Pre-Lecture Quiz

D. Produces blastoconidia, chlamydoconidia, and pseudohyphae

Which of the following matches the conidia and pseudohyphae formation on cornmeal agar of Candida glabrata?

A. Produces blastoconidia only

B. Produces elongated blastoconidia and pseudohyphae

C. Produces blastoconidia and spidery pseudohyphae

D. Produces blastoconidia, chlamydoconidia, and pseudohyphae

Source: W12 Pre-Lecture Quiz

A. Produces blastoconidia only

Which of the following matches the conidia and pseudohyphae formation on cornmeal agar of Candida tropicalis?

A. Produces blastoconidia only

B. Produces elongated blastoconidia and pseudohyphae

C. Produces blastoconidia and spidery pseudohyphae

D. Produces blastoconidia, chlamydoconidia, and pseudohyphae

Source: W12 Pre-Lecture Quiz

C. Produces blastoconidia and spidery pseudohyphae

Which of the following matches the conidia and pseudohyphae formation on cornmeal agar of Candida krussei?

A. Produces blastoconidia only

B. Produces elongated blastoconidia and pseudohyphae

C. Produces blastoconidia and spidery pseudohyphae

D. Produces blastoconidia, chlamydoconidia, and pseudohyphae

Source: W12 Pre-Lecture Quiz

B. Produces elongated blastoconidia and pseudohyphae

True or false: Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gatti can be differentiated using Bird Seed agar.

Source: W12 Pre-Lecture Quiz

False

Dematiaceous molds differ from hyaline molds in that their conidia and/or hyphae produce:

Source: W12 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Melanin

3 multiple choice options

Which disease is most associated with Hortaea weneckii?

Source: W12 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Tinea nigra

3 multiple choice options

Which disease is most associated with Piedraia hortae?

Source: W12 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Black piedra

3 multiple choice options

Which disease is most associated with Fonsecaea pedrosoi?

Source: W12 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Chromoblastomycosis

3 multiple choice options

Which disease is most associated with Alternaria sp.?

Source: W12 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Phaehyphomycosis

3 multiple choice options

Scedosporium apiospermum is the ______________ form of Pseudoallescheria boydii?

Source: W12 Pre-Lecture Quiz

Anamorph

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following is the most common cause of eumycotic mycetoma in the US?

Source: Dematiaceous Check Your Knowledge

Pseudoallescheria boydii

3 multiple choice options

What disease is described as producing a wart-like lesion?

Source: Dematiaceous Check Your Knowledge

Chromoblastomycosis

2 multiple choice options

Which of the following is true of Amphotericin B?

A. Target is ergosterol in the fungal cell wall

B. Toxic to the patient

C. Administered through an IV

D. All of these

Source: Yeast and Therapy Check Your Knowledge

D. All of these

True or false: Sclerotic bodies are present in histologic slides of lesions from chromoblastomycosis.

Source: W12 Chime-In

True

Sclerotic bodies are dark brown, spherical, or polyhedral, thick-walled structures which have horizontal and vertical septa inside. They may be found singly, in clusters, or within the giant walls. Melanin, which is produced in the cell wall of the sclerotic body, gives the dark brown color to the stucture.

Brown patches on the palm of the hand or sole of the foot are caused by what?

Source: W12 Chime-In

Hortae werneckii

3 multiple choice options

Which organism is a causative agent of black grain mycetoma?

Source: W12 Chime-In

All of these

3 multiple choice options

What is the first step to be performed in the identification of an unknown yeast isolate?

Source: W12 Chime-In

Germ tube test

3 multiple choice options

A lung biopsy obtained from an immunocompromised patient showed many "cup-shaped" cysts in a foamy exudate using Gomori stain. The organism cannot be cultured because it will not grow on routine fungal media. The patient was diagnosed with pneumonia resistant to antibiotic treatment.

The most likely identification is:

Source: W12 Chime-In

Pneumocystis jirovecii

3 multiple choice options

What yeast if characteristically positive for germ tube production?

A. Candida tropicalis

B. Candida albicans

C. Candida glabrata

D. Cryptococcus neoformans

Source: 5113 W12 Dematiaceous Molds and Yeast Kahoot

B. Candida albicans

C. albicans and C. dubliensis, a variant of C. albicans, are the only yeasts that produce germ tubes within 1 to 2 hours of incubation at 37 ˚C. C. tropicalis produces pseudohyphase that can be mistaken for germ tubes.

Arthroconidia production is used to differentiate which two yeast isolates?

A. Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis

B. Candida albicans and Candida dubliensis

C. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida glabrata

D. Trichosporon spp. and Cryptococcus neoformans

Source: 5113 W12 Dematiaceous Molds and Yeast Kahoot

D. Trichosporon spp. and Cryptococcus neoformans

Trichosporon produce arthrocondidia whiile Cryptococcus spp. do not. In addition to Trichosporon, arthrocondia are produced by Geotrichum spp.

Which dematiaceous mold forms flask-shaped phialides, each with a flask-shaped collarette?

A. Phialophora spp.

B. Phaeoacremonium spp.

C. Exophiala spp.

D. All of these

Source: 5113 W12 Dematiaceous Molds and Yeast Kahoot

A. Phialophora spp.

Phialophora, Exophiala, and Phaeoacremonium all produce phialides, but the last 2 genera produce elongated, tubelike phialides, as opposed to the flask-shaped phialides of Phialophora.