Dev psyc test 3 (middle childhood ages 6-11) part 1

what is the physical development like in this stage?

it slows down, muscle strength and lung capacity increase, and synaptic pruning in frontal lobe occurs.

explain what synaptic pruning is?

it is a normal function that happens when extra synapses get eliminated which makes room for more efficient and better thinking. (getting rid of the clutter)

list the 4 negative effects of Kindergarten?

increased demands in school, overscheduling, burnout, and rebound effect (when children start to hate smth they used to love and enjoy)

name the 5 different types of schooling for this age group?

home, public, private, charter, and magnet

what stage is this age group in, dealing with Piagets congnitive development theory?

concrete operational stage, they can see real/physical things and understand them but cannot understand abstract things like “what if” questions, algebra, systematic scientific reasoning “hypothesis”.

name off the 6 concrete operational skills that this age group develops during this time period?

Seriation, Transitivity, Decentration, Classification, Reversibility, and Conservation.

explain seriation and give an example?

arranging a set of items in a particular order, ex- a set of sticks shortest to longest

explain transitivity and give an exmaple?

understanding how objects are related to one another, ex- tom being taller than sean and sean is taller than someone else, so therefore tom is also taller than that person.

explain Decentration and give an example?

understanding two dimensions, mom is a mom but also a daughter

explain classification and give an example?

indentifying or sorting similar items into groups based on certain categories, ex- flowers by name or color

explain reversibility and give an example?

mentally reversing a sequence of steps, ex- the concept of water and its forms (how it can go back to being ice after being a liquid)

explain conservation and give an example?

an entity remains the same, even if it changes in shape, ex- number, mass, amount, balloon is still a balloon even if it inflates.

what stage in Erik eriksons theory of psychosical development is this age group?

industry v inferiority which is when children seek accomplishment in something, and if supported and felt encouraged than they develop a sense of industry (mastering), but if they dont have that and they feel as if theyll never measure up to their peers they develop inferiority (failure).

what is the foundation for indentity?

mastery

name the different types of child during the sociogram (peer nomination process)

popular child- which has many arrows pointing to them. rejected child- which has few arrows pointed to them, but they have many pointing to others. neglected child- no arrows pointing. controversial child- few and none. and average child has both pos and neg.

explain what self-confidence is like during this time period?

gained through parents and teachers by overcoming fears and failures and letting them make age appropiate choices.

explain self-worth and self-efficacy?

worth is your self perception in comparison to others, and efficacy is your confidence in your ability to handle situations (Albert bandura)

explain the self related issues that are connected, self-concept and self-esteem?

concept is perceptions and belifes about own skills and physical characteristics (abilities) and esteem is your FEELINGS on yourself. Susan harter made the model of self-esteem with academic, social, and physical categories.

talk about the lack of conservation video of the 4.5 year old.

his logic was that the glass that was taller had more water in it, even though he saw her pour the same amount in each and transfer some of the water into a narrower glass. this means he lacks decentration.