Summing It Up

What is the definition of 'conversion' or 'zero derivation' in linguistics?

A method of creating a new word by changing the word class of a word.

Provide an example of a conversion from the notes.

Host (Noun) to host (Verb).

What is a morpheme?

The smallest grammatical unit in a language.

What does the process of 'blending' refer to in word formation?

Combining parts of two words to create a new one.

Identify a word formation process for 'scuba'.

Acronym (self-contained underwater breathing apparatus).

What are syntax-tree diagrams used for?

They visually represent the structure of sentences, showing how different parts of speech relate.

In syntax, what does 'S' stand for?

Sentence.

What is the primary subject of Chapter 1 in Penhallurick's book?

It focuses on linguistic terminology and concepts.

What is the structure of the sentence 'The dog bit the thief' according to syntax rules?

S: NP + VP, NP: D + N.

What is an example of an inflectional suffix?

-s for plural, as in 'dogs'.

What is the purpose of specifying prefixes and suffixes in word analysis?

To break down words into their morphological components for better understanding.

What does the term 'morpheme' subclassify into?

Free morphemes and bound morphemes.

In creating a new word, what does 'back-formation' involve?

Creating a new word by removing actual or supposed affixes.

What is the significance of the example phrases provided in syntax diagrams?

They show the application of phrase structure rules.

What information is necessary for analyzing words into morphs?

Identifying prefixes, roots, and suffixes.