MuL 13 : SOUTH ASIA

This reviewer includes India, Australia, Papa New Guinea, and Hawaii

Hindustani

It is the division of Indian Classical Music where it has strong instrument tradition due to having no religious traditions making them able to experiment.

Carnatic

Worship oriented Indian Classical music where it is strong in vocal tradition.

Caste System

A hierarchical system of social organization based on one’s hereditary status at birth.

Ravi Shankar

A sitar master from Northern Indian Hindustani who combined elements from the South Indian Carnatic tradition.

Raga

The system of rules and procedures for composition and improvisation in Northern Indian Classical Music.

Sarod

A long necked lute with 6 main sympathetic strings of metal.

Tambura

A 4-stringed long necked lute with a gourd body that provides the pillar pitches or notes.

Tabla & baya

Pair of drums:

Tabla- small wooden drum

Baya- large round metal drum

Bols

Drum language that uses onomatopoeia to denote the drumk strokes.

Alap

The explorative movement of the Raga with no regular beat and all improvisation

Jor/Jahala

The excited phase of the Raga

One regularizing the beat And the other drone strings

Gat

The flashy part of the Raga where it has a skeletal melody and the player will improvise

Hindustani

Refers to the Indian classical music from Pakistan and North India.

Characterized by a strong instrument tradition, improvisation, ragas, and a star system.

Rasa

Mood or emotion conveyed in a performance

Raga

System of rules or procedure for composition and improvisation in Northern Indian Classical Music.

Sitar

Fretted plucked lute used in Hindustani classical music

Sympathetic Strings

Additional strings on the sitar on sarod that add to the ethereal or shimmery effect

Tabla

Pair of drums in Hindustani music

Tambura

4-stringed, long necked lute

Buzzing drone

Provides pillar pitches = reinforces Sa and Pa

Hindustani Instrumental Raga

Intruments:

Sarod

Tambura

Tabla

Bols

Mnemonic syllables to drum strokes

Movements of Raga

Alap - SLOW AND EXPLORATIVE

Jor - EXCITED

Gat - SKELETAL MELODY

Guru

Teacher

Shishya

Student

Rasa

Mood that relates to the performance

Shruti

22 pitched tuning system

Aradhana

Carnatic Music Festivals to glorify their gods

Bharatanatyam

High expressive South Indian dance with intricate footwork.

Bollywood

Indian film industry

Filmi

Music used in Bollywood

Konnakol

Syllables used to indicate drumming in South Indian classical music

Kriti

Counterpart of North Indian Raga

Melody: vocal

Imitation: violin

Rhythm: mridangam

Drone: struti box

Instruments of Kriti

Mridangam

Sarasvati

Tavil

Nagasvaram

Bahjan

Hindu devotional song in North India