Gluteal / Post Thigh / Popl Fossa (Lecture - Week 6)

Tensor fascia lata, subcutaneous

The __ __ __ is a tough, deep fascia enveloping muscles of the thigh

• Creates sleeve separating __ fat from thigh muscles

Iliotibial Tract

The __ __ is a thickened lateral region of the fascia lata

• Runs from the ilium to lateral tibial condyle

Superficial group

Gluteal muscles

• __ __ (superficial/deep group) are primary thigh abductors and rotators

Deep group

Gluteal muscles

• __ __ (superficial/deep group) are lateral rotators and stabilizers

• Attaching on/near greater trochanter

Ala of ilium, sacrum, coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament

Proximal attachments of the gluteus maximus - (4)

Gluteal tuberosity (of femur), iliotibial tract

Distal attachments of gluteus maximus - (2)

Inferior gluteal nerve

Innervation of gluteus maximus is __ __ __ (L5-S2)

hip extension, lateral hip rotation

Actions of the gluteus maximus - (2)

Ala of ilium

Proximal attachments of gluteus medius & gluteus minimus - (1)

Lateral and anterior surface

Distal attachments of gluteus medius & gluteus minimus - (2)

Superior gluteal nerve

Innvervation of gluteus medius & gluteus minimus is __ __ __ (L4-S1)

Hip abduction, medial hip rotation

Actions of the gluteus medius & gluteus minimus - (2)

ASIS, anterior iliac crest

Proximal attachments of tensor fascia latae - (2)

Lateral tibial condyle

Distal attachment of tensor fascia latae - __ tibial __ via the iliotibial tract

Superior gluteal nerve

Innvervation of Tensor fascia latae is __ gluteal __ (L4-S1)

Hip abduction, hip flexion, medial hip rotation, stabilizes extended knee

Actions of the tensor fascia latae - (4)

Anterior surface of sacrum

Proximal attachments of piriformis - (1)

Greater trochanter (of femur)

Distal attachments of piriformis - (1)

Lateral hip rotation, hip abduction

Actions of the piriformis - (2)

Greater

The piriformis exits the pelvis through the __ sciatic foramen

Greater trochanter (of femur)

Distal attachments of gemellus superior & inferior - (1)

Lateral hip rotation, hip abduction

Actions of the gemellus superior & inferior - (2)

Greater trochanter (of femur)

Distal attachments of obturator internus - (1)

Lateral hip rotation, hip abduction

Actions of the obturator internus - (2)

Lesser

The tendon of the obturator internus exits the __ sciatic foramen and makes a sharp turn

Lateral hip rotation

Actions of quadratus femoris - (1)

medial, lateral, sciatic

Superior to piriformis organization

• (medial/lateral) __ hip rotator

Inferior to piriformis organization

• (medial/lateral) __ hip rotator, __ nerve

Superior gluteal artery

Emerges superior to piriformis and passes between gluteus medius-minimus (artery)

Inferior gluteal artery

Emerges inferior to piriformis (artery)

Superior gluteal nerve

• L4-S1

• Emerges superior to piriformis

Inferior gluteal nerve

• L5-S2

• Emerges inferior to piriformis

Sciatic nerve

• L4-S3 (nerve)

• Emerges inferior to piriformis, down thru posterior thigh

Superolateral quadrant

The __ __ is where IM injections in gluteus muscles are administered

Knee extensors

• Femoral nerve + femoral artery

• Anterior compartment

Hip abductors

• Superior gluteal nerve + superior gluteal artery

• Lateral compartment

Knee flexors, hip extensors

• Sciatic nerve + perforating branches of profunda femoris

• Posterior compartment

Hip adductors

• Obturator nerve + deep femoral artery

• Medial compartment

Hamstrings, ischial, hip, knee, tibial, short

2.5 muscles make up the “__” group of posterior thigh

• Attach to the __ tuberosity

• Cross both __ and __ joints

• All innervated by __ division of the sciatic nerve

• __ head of the biceps femoris is not part of hamstring

Ischial tuberosity, linea aspera

Proximal attachments of the long head (1) and short head (1) of the biceps femoris

Head of fibula

Distal attachments of the biceps femoris - (1)

Tibial, common fibular

Innervation of biceps femoris

• Long head by __ division of sciatic nerve

• Short head by __ __ division of sciatic nerve

Hip extension, knee flexion, knee flexion

Actions of biceps femoris

• Long head does __ __ and __ __

• Short head ONLY does __ __

Ischial tuberosity

Proximal attachments of semitendinosus - (1)

Medial proximal tibia

Distal attachments of semitendinosus - (1)

Tibial division

Innervation of semitendinosus is the __ __ of sciatic nerve

Hip extension, knee flexion

Actions of semitendinosus - (2)

Ischial tuberosity

Proximal attachments of semimembranosus - (1)

Medial condyle (of tibia)

Distal attachments of semimembranosus - (1)

Tibial division

Innervation of semimembranosus is __ __ of sciatic nerve

Hip extension, knee flexion

Actions of semimembranosus - (2)

Sciatic, tibial, common fibular

The __ nerve is the nerve of the posterior thigh compartment

• Splints into __ (medial) and __ __ (lateral) nerves continuing down the leg

Deep femoral artery

Compartment blood supply traveling posteriorly from anterior compartment

Femoral, popliteal

The __ artery descends anterior thigh then passing posteriorly through adductor hiatus → Later becomes the __ artery

Popliteal fossa

Fat-filled space posterior to knee joint

Tibial nerve, common fibular nerve, popliteal artery

(3) Major contents of popliteal fossa