Energy and Defense science test

What are four organ systems

Digestive, Excretory, Integumentary, Immune

What are the major structures of the Digestive System

Stomach, small intestine, large intestine, mouth/teeth, salivary glands, esophagus, liver, rectum/anus, pancreas

What are the main functions of the digestive system

A. Absorption of nutrients

B. Digestion of food

C. Eliminates solid waste

What are the major structures of the Excretory System

Bladder, kidney, ureter, urethra

What are the main functions of the Excretory System

A. Eliminate

B. Gets rid of toxins and filter blood

What are the major structures of the integumentary system

Skin

What are the main functions of the integumentary system

A. Protects from injury and infection

B. Regulate body

C. Eliminate dissolved waste

D. Produce vitamin D

E. Gathers information about the environment

What is the function of the immune system

A. To attack pathogens once they enter the body

What are two different types of digestion

Mechanical, and chemical digestion

What is chemical digestion

When a new substance is created

Where does chemical digestion take place

Mouth, stomach, small intestine

What is the first organ that begins chemical digestion

Salivary Glands

What is mechanical digestion

Same substance broken down into smaller pieces

Where does mechanical digestion take place

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

What is the first organ that begins mechanical digestion

Teeth

Where does the absorption of nutrients take place

In the villi which is located in the small intestine

What organ does the absorption of water happen in

Large intestines

How does the pancreas help the digestive process

Produces enzymes for digestion

Where is waste stored until it’s ready to be released?

Bladder

What structure is function is to filter water and waste from the blood

Kidney

What functions does the integumentary system perform to help maintain homeostasis?

A. first line of defense against illness

B. Regular body temperature

C. Eliminate dissolved waste

D. Gather information about the environment

E. Produce vitamin D

What is the epidermis?

Top layer of the skin

What is melanocyte (melanin)?

Pigmentation of skin, produces and distributes melanin

What is the dermis (larger layer)?

Contains nerves, blood vessels, sweat, glands hairs, and oil glands

What is a pore

Openings through which sweat reaches the surface of the skin

Oil glands

Produce oil, Helps keep skin moisturized, and protected from germs

What is the Follicle

In the dermis of the skin from which a strand of hair grows

What are blood vessels?

Transport (carry) blood to and away from the dermis

What is the hypodermis?

Bottom layer

What is fat?

Helps to insulate the body and provides energy

How do Keep Integumentary system healthy

-Eats properly

-Drink lots of water

-Limit sun exposure

-Keep skin clean

What is a pathogen?

A disease causing agent that causes infection

Ex) bacteria/virus

What is the first line of defense against the Pathogen

The skin (Integumentary system)

What type of cell attack pathogens that invade your body?

White blood cells

What is an inflammatory response?

When body cells are damaged by Pathogens, They release chemical chemicals that trigger this response

What is an immune response?

Cells of immune system react to each kind of pathogen which targeted defense for that pathogen