4 : OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

How to Code Content

The researcher must select an appropriate, systematic framework to apply to data analysis to add rigor and strengthen data interpretation. The coding scheme requires detailed and precise description of the behaviors of interest, perhaps with examples

Inter-Rater Reliability Content

Inter-rater reliability is the assessment of consistency between observers. The level of agreement between observers must be high for the interpretation to be meaningful. It is calculated by dividing the number of agreements by the sum of agreements and disagreements.

Data Saturation Content

Data saturation is reached when the researcher has collected sufficient data. It is defined by the absence of new patterns of behavior being observed and/or repetitive field notes. It indicates that it is time to stop collecting data.

Study Example

How Safe Do Teenagers Behave on Facebook? Content: This study analyzed 1050 Facebook profiles, with proportional gender representation. User names and data sets were anonymized. The observation focused on pictures, videos, contact information, and risk profile (how much was public)

Sampling types

The sampling types mentioned in the context are situation-based sampling, event-based sampling, and participant-based subject sampling. Situation-based sampling involves sampling based on events or situations, such as drivers' response to flooding. Event-based sampling focuses on sampling a range of situations, such as studying the role of the mother. Participant-based subject sampling involves sampling based on the participant pool, such as selecting factory workers for a study.