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Chemistry

The study of matter—its composition, structure, properties—the processes it undergoes, and the energy changes accompanying those processes.

Organic Chemistry

Branch that studies carbon-based compounds, except certain simple ones such as CO and CO₂.

Inorganic Chemistry

Branch that studies compounds that do not contain carbon.

Biochemistry

Branch focused on the chemistry of living systems.

Analytical Chemistry

Branch concerned with determining the quality and quantity of components within substances.

Physical Chemistry

Branch that examines the mechanisms, rates, and energetics of chemical reactions.

Matter

anything that has mass and occupies space

Physical and chemical property

these are properties of matter

physical properties

This property of matter can be observed and measured without changing the identity and composition of the substance

chemical properties

the ability of a substance to undergo changes to transform into a different substance

extensive property

this depends on the amount of matter present

intensive property

does not depend on the amount of matter present

accuracy

the closeness of the average value of the actual or true value

precision

a set of measurements refers to how close each measurement is to one another

blunders

errors caused by carelessness

random

errors that are uncontrollable

systematic

errors that are identifiable and can be fixed

scientific notation

a form of presenting very large numbers or very small numbers in a simpler form

nonzero digits

any non-zero number is significant

captive zeros

all zero that is placed between two nonzero digits are significant