Human Health

Health

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Inherited Characteristics influences

DNA & Environment

Hormones

Proteins that bring about responses in the body

Hormone examples

Adrenaline, Human growth, Insulin

What happens if a gene controlling an enzyme/hormone isn't working properly?

Enzyme or hormone won't be made and the person will suffer from a serious disorder

Inherited Disorders

Cystic Fibrosis

Sickle Cell Anaemia

CF Mutated Gene

Gene that makes a protein to control salt coming out of cells

CF Symptoms

Respiratory system can get clogged with mucus

CF Treatments

Physiotherapy, Antibiotics and Lung Transplant

SCA Mutated gene

Gene for haemoglobin

SCA Symptoms

Loss of red blood cells

SCA Treatment

Blood tranfusion

Environmental Factors

Where you live, Air you breathe, Nutrition, Alcohol/Drugs intake, Radiation exposure, Smoking, Physical activity, Stress/Relaxation

Human Nutrition

Concerned with the foods that are essential to the body and how the body uses those foods to support life and health

Balanced Diet

Includes the correct amounts of protein, carbohydrate, fat, minerals, vitamins and water

What does a balanced diet depend on

Age, Gender and Activity

Benefits of eating well

- lower risk of disease

- stronger muscles and bones

- healthy body mass

- feeling better

Food Pyramid (Top to Bottom)

- high in fat, sugar and salt

- fats spreads and oils

- meat, poultry, fish, eggs, beans and nuts

- milk, yogurt and cheese

- wholemeal cereals and breads, potatoes, pasta and rice

- vegetables, salad and fruit

Deficiency Diseases

Caused by the lack of a particular food

How much of the brain is water?

90%

How much of muscle is water?

73%

Water in bones

- 22% water

- Protects and moisturises our joints

Water in the heart

- 83% water

- Helps flush out toxins and maintain body temperature at 37ºC

Chemical used to test for protein

Biuret reagent

What colour does protein turn biuret reagent to?

Violet

Presence of fat on brown paper

Leaves a translucent stain

Energy value unit

Kilojoules (kJ)

Benefits of Activity

- Strengthens Muscles / Heart / Bones

- Reduces body fat

- Decreases stress

- Oxygenates body

- Reduces risk of diabetes

- Boosts mood / immune system

- Increases lifespan

- Maintains mobility

- Lowers blood pressure

What is a skin effect of smoking?

Sagging, wrinkly skin

What effect does smoking have on teeth?

Yellow teeth and fingers

What is a common oral effect of smoking?

Smelly breath

What is a tongue condition associated with smoking?

Fuzzy tongue

How does smoking affect hair?

Dry, brittle hair

What eye condition can result from smoking?

Red eyes

How can smoking affect psoriasis?

Can worsen psoriasis

Mastered (35)

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